Bad News which is the beginning of a Plateau change will do what to the company's P/E ratio?
-No change
-Increase
-Decrease
-It depends on the risk preference of investors

An investment website can tell what devices are used to access the site. The site managers wonder whether they should enhance the facilities for trading via "smart phones," The true proportion of smart phone users is 35%.

A.  The expect shape of the sampling distribution for the sample proportion to be approximately normal  for using the normal approximation to the binomial distribution.

B. The mean of this sampling distribution is equal to the population proportion, which is 0.35 ([tex]35/100[/tex])

C. If the sample size were increased to 600, would not change the shape and symmetry characteristics of the sampling distribution still be equal to 0.35.

The normal approximation to the binomial distribution becomes more accurate as the sample size increases. So, the distribution would become more symmetric and closer to normal with a larger sample size.

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When a bill comes before a branch of Congress, it originates in one of two ways: either in the House of Representatives or in the Senate.

In the United States Congress, the legislative process begins with the introduction of a bill. A bill can be introduced by a member of either the House of Representatives  or  the Senate. Members of Congress propose bills to address various issues, such as creating or amending laws, appropriating funds, or addressing policy matters.

If a bill is introduced in the House of Representatives, it is assigned a number and referred to the relevant committee for review and consideration. The committee holds hearings, debates, and may propose amendments to the bill. If the committee approves the bill, it is then sent to the full House for further debate and voting.

If a bill is introduced in the Senate, it undergoes a similar process. The bill is assigned a number, referred to the relevant committee, and undergoes committee review and consideration. If the committee approves the bill, it is then sent to the full Senate for debate and voting.

Ultimately, both the House of Representatives and the Senate must pass the bill in order for it to move forward in the legislative process. If the bill is passed by both chambers of Congress, it is then sent to the President for signature or veto.

Therefore, the origin of a bill in Congress can be either the House of Representatives or the Senate, depending on which chamber the bill is introduced in.

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Some common communication challenges and barriers that people may face in general: Language barriers, Cultural differences and Emotional barriers

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Haden Inc. received $1,065,000 cash from its customers during the year.

Haden Inc. had cash sales of $300,000 and credit sales of $1,050,000. To determine the cash received from customers, we need to consider the decrease in the accounts receivable balance. If the accounts receivable balance decreased by $15,000, it means that Haden Inc. collected $15,000 in cash from customers who had previously made credit purchases.

To find the total cash received from customers, we add the cash sales of $300,000 and the cash collected from accounts receivable, which is $15,000. Therefore, the total cash received from customers during the year is $315,000.

However, we also need to take into account the credit sales of $1,050,000. Since credit sales do not involve immediate cash inflows, they are not included in the cash received from customers.

Hence, the final answer is that Haden Inc. received $1,065,000 cash from its customers during the year.

Accounts receivable represents the amount owed to a company by its customers for goods or services provided on credit. When accounts receivable decrease, it indicates that the company has collected cash from its customers. In this case, Haden Inc.'s accounts receivable balance decreased by $15,000, which means they collected $15,000 in cash from customers who previously purchased goods or services on credit.

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The outcome of good object relations in infancy is the emergence of healthy attachment patterns.

Object relations theory, which emphasizes the importance of early relationships and attachments, suggests that the quality of a child's relationships with their primary caregivers can significantly influence their psychological development and functioning.

When a child has a secure attachment to their caregiver, they develop a sense of trust, safety, and comfort that allows them to explore and engage with the world around them. This healthy attachment pattern can also positively impact their ability to form and maintain healthy relationships throughout their lifespan. In contrast, when a child's object relations are disrupted or unhealthy, it can lead to attachment insecurities and negative psychological outcomes such as anxiety, depression, and difficulties with intimacy.

Therefore, fostering good object relations in infancy is critical for promoting healthy psychological development and well-being.

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The amount of net income or net loss for the period can be calculated using the formula:

Net Income (or Net Loss) = Ending Capital - Beginning Capital + Owner's Withdrawals

Given the information provided:

Beginning Capital = $25,000

Ending Capital = $37,000

Owner's Withdrawals = $23,000

Using the formula, we can calculate the net income or net loss as follows:

Net Income (or Net Loss) = $37,000 - $25,000 + $23,000

= $12,000 + $23,000

= $35,000

Therefore, the amount of net income or net loss for the period is $35,000.

The calculation involves subtracting the beginning capital from the ending capital and then adding the owner's withdrawals to determine the change in the owner's equity. A positive value represents net income, indicating that the business generated more revenue than the owner withdrew during the period. Conversely, a negative value would indicate a net loss, meaning the owner withdrew more than the business earned. In this case, the calculated net income of $35,000 suggests that the business had a positive financial outcome for the period.

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Using the profit maximization rule, a monopolist will charge a price that corresponds to the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost.

Table 24.1 provides information on the total cost, marginal cost, and marginal revenue for a monopolist producing different quantities of output. To determine the price that maximizes profit, the monopolist needs to identify the quantity at which marginal revenue (MR) equals marginal cost (MC).

From the table, we can see that the marginal cost initially decreases with quantity but then starts to increase at higher levels of output. The marginal revenue, on the other hand, decreases as the quantity increases. At the quantity where MR equals MC, the monopolist maximizes profit.

Based on the information in the table, we can see that the quantity where MR equals MC is 6. At this quantity, the marginal revenue is $18 and the marginal cost is $18, indicating that the monopolist should charge a price of $18 to maximize profits. Therefore, using the profit maximization rule, a monopolist will charge a price of $18.

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Many savers are willing to accept a lower interest rate on municipal bonds than on comparable instruments because the aftertax yield on municipal bonds is greater.

The correct answer is d. the aftertax yield on municipal bonds is greater.

Savers are often attracted to municipal bonds due to their tax advantages. Municipal bonds are issued by state and local governments and are typically exempt from federal income taxes. In some cases, they may also be exempt from state and local taxes, depending on the investor's residency and the bond issuer.

The tax-exempt status of municipal bonds allows investors to earn interest income without having to pay federal income taxes on it. This can result in a higher aftertax yield compared to other taxable instruments, even if the nominal interest rate on municipal bonds is lower. Therefore, savers are willing to accept a lower interest rate on municipal bonds in exchange for the tax benefits, making the aftertax yield on municipal bonds more attractive.

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Multinational corporations (MNCs) are businesses that operate in more than one country, and they can take various forms depending on their operations. One type of MNC is an exporter, which refers to a company that produces goods or services within its home country and sells them in foreign markets.

Exporters are a common form of MNCs, as they allow companies to expand their customer base and increase profits without having to establish a physical presence in the foreign market.Another form of MNC is one that commits to long-term foreign investment.

This type of MNC may establish subsidiaries, joint ventures, or partnerships with companies in foreign markets. Long-term foreign investment involves a higher level of risk compared to exporting, as it requires a significant amount of capital and resources to establish and maintain operations in a foreign country. However, it also offers greater potential for growth and profit.

Multinational corporations may also opt for the least risky political arrangement, such as establishing operations in countries with stable political systems and favorable business climates. This strategy minimizes the risk of political instability, which can negatively impact the company's operations and profitability.In summary, MNCs can take various forms, including exporters, long-term foreign investors, and those that prioritize political stability. The choice of form depends on the company's goals, resources, and risk tolerance.

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More than one of the options is correct when it comes to describing the various forms that multinational corporations (MNCs) may take.

An MNC could indeed be an exporter that is willing to commit to long-term foreign investment in order to expand its reach and increase profitability. This type of investment may involve establishing production facilities or acquiring local companies in the foreign market, which can help to mitigate risks associated with changes in political arrangements. However, not all MNCs necessarily engage in foreign investment to the same extent. Some MNCs may choose to produce their products within their own borders but sell in a foreign market, while others may adopt different strategies altogether. Ultimately, the approach that an MNC takes will depend on a variety of factors, including the nature of its products, the level of competition in different markets, and the potential risks and rewards associated with different types of investment.

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Option (a) is correct. The 3-Factor Model will reduce the benchmark for this investment relative to the CAPM, thus lowering its alpha in the 3-Factor model.

The CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) measures an investment's alpha, which represents the excess return compared to the expected return based on its risk. The 3-Factor Model, on the other hand, incorporates additional factors such as size and value into the analysis.

In this case, since Investment A has a tilt towards small stocks and value stocks, the 3-Factor Model will consider these factors and adjust the benchmark for the investment accordingly. As a result, the benchmark for Investment A will be lower in the 3-Factor Model, leading to a lower alpha compared to the CAPM. This adjustment reflects the impact of the specific characteristics and risks associated with small and value stocks on the investment's performance.

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Based on the table, the change in profit from producing the second barrel of oil is $25, and the marginal cost from producing the seventh barrel of oil is $50. The change in profit refers to the additional amount of profit generated from producing one more unit of output. In this case, producing the second barrel of oil resulted in an increase in profit of $25.

On the other hand, marginal cost refers to the additional cost incurred from producing one more unit of output. Producing the seventh barrel of oil resulted in an additional cost of $50.

It is important for firms to consider both the change in profit and marginal cost when making production decisions. If the change in profit is greater than the marginal cost, it would be beneficial for the firm to produce more units of output. However, if the marginal cost is greater than the change in profit, the firm may want to reduce production to avoid incurring additional costs.

Overall, understanding the relationship between change in profit and marginal cost can help firms make more informed production decisions and maximize profits.

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The correct answer is: C - product differentiation reduces the intensity of competition among the firms in the oligopoly.

This is because when firms differentiate their products from their competitors, they are creating a unique selling proposition that sets them apart from others. This reduces the substitutability of their products, making it less likely for customers to switch to another firm's product.

Product differentiation involves creating products that are distinct from those offered by competitors in an oligopoly market. By doing this, each firm can target a specific market segment and establish a unique brand identity. This leads to reduced intensity of competition among the firms, as they are no longer competing directly for the same customers.

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A contract does not necessarily require a descriptive title to be in all capital letters, underlined, and centered at the top of the page. The formatting and presentation of a contract's title can vary depending on the style and preferences of the parties involved and the legal requirements of the jurisdiction in which the contract is being created.

While some contracts may include a descriptive title at the top of the page, it is not a universal requirement. The title of a contract is typically used to provide a brief summary or indication of the purpose or subject matter of the agreement. The formatting of the title can be flexible and may be presented in different ways based on the design choices of the document. The most important aspect of a contract is its substantive content and the clarity of the terms and conditions within it. The title itself does not affect the enforceability or validity of the contract. The key elements of a contract are the parties' names, the agreement's purpose, the rights and obligations of each party, and any other essential provisions that govern the relationship or transaction.

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The type of decision Mark is making about restocking shrimp is a: d. tactical decision.

Explanation: Mark's decision to restock the two-pound bags of frozen shrimp when his stock gets down to two cases is considered a tactical decision. Tactical decisions are short-term decisions made by middle-level managers or supervisors to implement specific actions and plans within the organization. In this case, Mark is responsible for managing the frozen food department and ensuring the availability of products for customers. His decision to restock the shrimp is based on monitoring the stock levels and taking immediate action to maintain an adequate inventory. It involves operational considerations and follows predefined procedures or guidelines for restocking inventory, making it a tactical decision within the scope of Mark's role as the frozen food manager.

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A time series that shows a recurring pattern over a certain period of time is said to follow a seasonal pattern. Seasonality is a characteristic of time series data in which the data exhibits patterns that repeat at regular intervals, such as daily, weekly, or monthly.

Seasonality can be caused by a variety of factors, including natural cycles, economic cycles, and weather patterns. For example, sales of winter clothing may show a seasonal pattern, with higher sales during the winter months and lower sales during the summer months.

Seasonality is important to identify and account for in time series analysis, as it can impact forecasting accuracy and trend analysis. Time series techniques such as seasonal decomposition and seasonal adjustment can be used to identify and remove the seasonal component of a time series, allowing for better trend analysis and forecasting.

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To reduce the time and expense of collecting accounts receivable, firms can implement strategies such as implementing strict credit policies, offering incentives for early payment, utilizing technology and automation, outsourcing collections, and maintaining strong customer relationships.

These measures aim to streamline the invoicing and payment process, encourage prompt payment, and minimize outstanding balances. By adopting these practices, firms can improve their accounts receivable management, reduce collection efforts, and save both time and resources in the collection process.

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Safety Stock = 242 - (70 x 3) = 242 - 210 = 32 bulbs

a) To calculate the reorder point with constant demand during lead time, use the formula:

Reorder Point = (Daily Demand Rate) x (Lead Time)

Daily Demand Rate = Annual Demand / Number of Operating Days = 24,500 / 350 ≈ 70 bulbs/day
Lead Time = 3 working days

Reorder Point = 70 bulbs/day x 3 days = 210 bulbs

b) For a 90% service level with a normal distribution of demand during lead time, you'll need to find the Z-score that corresponds to this service level. Using a Z-table, the Z-score for a 90% service level is approximately 1.28. Then, calculate the reorder point using:

Reorder Point = Mean Demand + (Z-score x Standard Deviation)

Reorder Point = 210 + (1.28 x 64) ≈ 210 + 81.92 ≈ 292 bulbs

c) For a reorder point of 242 bulbs and an empirical distribution of demand during lead time, the safety stock can be calculated as:

Safety Stock = Reorder Point - (Daily Demand Rate x Lead Time)

Safety Stock = 242 - (70 x 3) = 242 - 210 = 32 bulbs

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The payback period for Project A is 3.77 years, and the payback period for Project B is 3.75 years.

The payback period is a simple capital budgeting technique that calculates the time required to recover the initial investment in a project. To determine the payback period, we need to cumulatively add the cash flows until the total reaches or exceeds the initial investment.

For Project A:

0 + 46,000 + 60,000 + 77,000 = 183,000 (cumulative cash flow after Year 3)

183,000 + 536,000 = 719,000 (cumulative cash flow after Year 4)

Since the cumulative cash flow exceeds the initial investment of $421,000, the payback period for Project A is between Year 3 and Year 4. To calculate the exact payback period, we can interpolate:

421,000 - 183,000 = 238,000

238,000 / 536,000 = 0.444 (portion of Year 4)

Payback period for Project A = 3 + 0.444 = 3.77 years.

For Project B:

0 + 20,000 + 13,700 + 16,600 = 50,300 (cumulative cash flow after Year 3)

50,300 + 13,400 = 63,700 (cumulative cash flow after Year 4)

Since the cumulative cash flow exceeds the initial investment of $38,000, the payback period for Project B is between Year 3 and Year 4. To calculate the exact payback period, we can interpolate:

38,000 - 50,300 = -12,300

-12,300 / 13,400 = -0.918 (portion of Year 4)

Payback period for Project B = 3 + (-0.918) = 3.08 years.

Therefore, the payback period for Project A is 3.77 years, and the payback period for Project B is 3.75 years.

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The process by which firms creatively discover and exploit opportunities can be described as the entrepreneurial process. This process involves several stages including opportunity identification, evaluation, and exploitation.

Opportunity identification involves recognizing an unmet need or a gap in the market that can be addressed with a new product or service. This requires creativity and the ability to think outside the box.

Once an opportunity is identified, it is evaluated to determine its feasibility, profitability, and potential risks. If the opportunity is deemed viable, the firm will begin to exploit it by developing a business model, securing funding, and launching the product or service.

Throughout the process, the firm must continuously adapt and iterate in response to feedback and changing market conditions.

Successful entrepreneurship requires a combination of creativity, innovation, risk-taking, and strategic thinking. Firms that excel at this process are able to create value, generate economic growth, and drive innovation within their industries.

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The process by which firms creatively discover and exploit opportunities that are entrepreneurial opportunities.

Entrepreneurial opportunities refer to situations where entrepreneurs identify a new or unmet customer need or market inefficiency and develop a solution to address it. This process involves the discovery of new and innovative ways to create value, which can involve developing new products or services, creating new markets, or finding more efficient ways to operate.

The process of discovering and exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities can involve a combination of creativity, innovation, risk-taking, and persistence. Successful entrepreneurs are able to identify opportunities that others have overlooked or not yet realized, and then take the necessary steps to turn these opportunities into profitable ventures. This can involve developing new business models, securing funding, building a team, and marketing the new product or service.

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The statement is True. Using exponential smoothing or any other averaging technique to forecast hotel demand may lag behind trends in occupancy.

It is true that using exponential smoothing or other averaging techniques to forecast hotel demand may lag behind trends in occupancy. Exponential smoothing is a forecasting method that assigns exponentially decreasing weights to past observations, giving more weight to recent data.

While this approach can be useful for capturing the overall trend in demand over time, it tends to smooth out short-term fluctuations and may not react quickly to sudden changes in occupancy patterns. The lag in forecasting hotel demand using exponential smoothing occurs because the technique relies on historical data and assumes that the underlying patterns will continue into the future.

It does not account for sudden shifts in demand due to factors like events, promotions, or changes in customer preferences. As a result, the forecast may not accurately capture the immediate impact of these factors, leading to a lag in predicting occupancy levels.

To mitigate this issue, hoteliers can consider using more advanced forecasting methods that incorporate additional factors and variables, such as seasonality, market trends, and external influences. These methods can provide more accurate and timely predictions, helping hotels optimize their operations.

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Tesla's resources and capabilities are different from those of established automakers. Unlike traditional automakers, Tesla has focused on developing electric vehicles, while established automakers have diversified their product offerings. Tesla's electric vehicles have advanced technology, with features such as self-driving capabilities and long battery life. Tesla has also invested heavily in research and development, enabling it to develop new technologies and improve its vehicles over time.

Established automakers have larger resources and more experience in manufacturing and marketing vehicles. However, their focus on traditional internal combustion engines may make it more challenging for them to transition to electric vehicles. Tesla's early entry into the electric vehicle market has given it a head start in developing the technology, manufacturing processes, and supply chain for electric vehicles.

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According to your friend from South America, the reason why customer service is so bad in her country is due to the high inflation rate, which is almost bordering on hyperinflation. Her logic behind this statement could be that the high inflation rate creates an unstable economic environment for businesses.

When inflation rates are high, the cost of capital becomes more expensive. This means that businesses have to pay higher interest rates on loans and other forms of capital, making it harder for them to invest in their operations or expand their services. This could lead to a decrease in the quality of customer service as businesses may not have the necessary resources to invest in training or hiring skilled customer service representatives.

In addition, high inflation rates can lead to low retention rates as customers may switch to other providers that offer better prices or services. This could result in businesses not caring about customer service as the NPV (net present value) of future streams of income from customers may be negligible. This means that businesses may focus more on short-term profits rather than long-term customer relationships.
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The takt time for this process, operating at two-thirds of its full capacity would be 57.6 seconds

The takt time of a process is the maximum time allowed for each worker to complete their assigned task in order to meet the production demand. In this scenario, we have a production process with four workers. If the process is operating at two-thirds of its full capacity, it means that two of the four workers are being utilized.

To determine the takt time of this process, we need to know the production demand or the rate at which products are required. For instance, if the demand is for 100 products in an eight-hour shift, then the takt time would be 28.8 seconds (8 hours x 60 minutes x 60 seconds / 100 products).  Assuming that the demand is known, we can now calculate the time needed for two workers to produce the required number of products.

For example, if the demand is for 100 products, and two workers are being utilized, then each worker would need to complete their task in 57.6 seconds (28.8 seconds x 2 workers). Therefore, the takt time for this process, operating at two-thirds of its full capacity, would be 57.6 seconds. This means that each worker must complete their task within this timeframe to meet the production demand.

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I understand you have a question regarding the impact of expansionary monetary policy on an economy with underutilized resources. The impact of expansionary monetary policy in such a situation will be to increase aggregate demand, lower unemployment, and stimulate economic growth.

The Federal Reserve implements expansionary monetary policy by lowering interest rates, increasing the money supply, or purchasing government securities. Lower interest rates make borrowing cheaper, encouraging businesses and consumers to take loans and invest or spend more. The increase in money supply also makes it easier for banks to lend, further promoting borrowing and spending.The increased borrowing and spending lead to a rise in aggregate demand for goods and services in the economy.

With higher demand, businesses expand their production, utilizing the previously underutilized resources such as labor and capital.This increase in production leads to a decrease in unemployment, as more workers are needed to meet the higher demand. The economy experiences growth, as measured by the increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

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If Chris is liable under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, it will be because the information on which he based his purchase of the stock was non-public and material.

Chris is liable under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 if he traded on non-public information. In this scenario, Chris learns of undisclosed company plans to market a new, smart drone, which is information that has not been made public.

By buying 1,000 shares of the firm's stock based on this non-public information, Chris has engaged in insider trading, which is prohibited by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Insider trading undermines the integrity of the securities markets by giving certain individuals an unfair advantage over others.

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Option c is correct: ABC can be used to simplify the cost allocation process when compared to using one plantwide allocation rate.

Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is a costing method that provides more accurate and detailed cost information by allocating indirect costs to products or services based on their actual consumption of activities.

ABC helps in identifying cost drivers and understanding the relationship between activities and costs. The given statement suggests that ABC can simplify the cost allocation process compared to using a single plantwide allocation rate, which is not true.

In fact, ABC can be more complex and time-consuming compared to traditional costing methods. However, the other statements (a, b, d) are true. ABC can be used to determine cost classification changes, isolate cost improvement opportunities, and help improve operations by providing more accurate cost information for decision-making.

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Relative to Monetarists, Keynesians would tend to argue (A) that recessions are caused by a lack of "animal spirits."

Keynesians believe that fluctuations in aggregate demand, influenced by factors such as business confidence, consumer sentiment, and government spending, are the primary drivers of economic cycles. "Animal spirits" refer to the psychological and emotional factors that affect economic decision-making, leading to fluctuations in investment and spending.

Unlike Monetarists, who emphasize the role of the Federal Reserve and monetary policy in causing or alleviating recessions, Keynesians focus on the importance of fiscal policy in stabilizing the economy. They argue that during a recession, the government should increase spending and/or reduce taxes to boost aggregate demand and help the economy recover more quickly.

Keynesians also tend to be less optimistic about the economy's ability to self-correct in the short term, as they believe that markets may not always clear due to factors such as sticky prices and wages. This contrasts with the Monetarist view that markets are robust and will recover quickly from an economic downturn.

In summary, Keynesians primarily attribute recessions to a lack of "animal spirits" and emphasize the importance of fiscal policy in economic stabilization. They are less likely to agree with Monetarists about the central role of the Federal Reserve and the resilience of markets in the face of economic challenges. The correct answer is A.

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False. Global competition has not put more power in the hands of the seller, but rather, it has shifted the balance of power towards the buyer. The increased global competition has led to a wider range of choices for consumers and greater access to information about products and services. This has empowered buyers to compare prices, quality, and features more easily, and demand better value for their money. Sellers are now under pressure to meet the demands and expectations of increasingly informed and discerning customers. To remain competitive, sellers often need to focus on customer satisfaction, product differentiation, and providing superior value to attract and retain customers in the global marketplace.

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This is an example of "purchasing power parity (PPP)." Purchasing power parity is a concept that suggests that the exchange rate between two currencies should reflect the relative prices of goods in those countries. In this case, if 1 pound is equivalent to 2 dollars, and an Armani jacket sells for $80 in New York and 40 pounds in London, we can see that the price of the jacket is the same in both currencies.

According to the PPP theory, the exchange rate should adjust so that the purchasing power of each currency is equal. If the jacket's price in London is 40 pounds and in New York it is $80, then the exchange rate of 1 pound = 2 dollars is in line with the relative price levels of the two countries.

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These issues may impact the audit opinion that the auditor will provide. If the findings are significant enough, the auditor may need to issue a qualified or adverse opinion on the financial statements.

Based on the information provided, there are a few issues noted during the audit of FGH Company.

Firstly, FGH Company did not disclose a $200 petty cash checking account, which is a concerning finding. The lack of disclosure indicates a potential weakness in their internal controls over financial reporting. As an auditor, it would be important to determine the reason for the omission and assess any potential impact on the financial statements.

Secondly, FGH Company invested in a derivative during the year under audit, and the details regarding the risk and uncertainty involved in this investment are not adequately disclosed in the financial statements. Since the amount of investment is considered material, it is essential to ensure that the disclosures related to this investment comply with the applicable accounting standards. As an auditor, it would be necessary to obtain additional information from management to assess the adequacy of the disclosures.

Lastly, FGH Company's attorney has refused to respond to the letter of inquiry, either in writing or orally. This could be a red flag as it may indicate that there is a legal issue that could impact the financial statements. As an auditor, it would be crucial to determine the reason for the lack of response and assess any potential impact on the financial statements.

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