Valence bond theory, Lewis theory and the molecular orbital theory are the three bonding theories in chemistry. Molecular geometry is the three dimensional arrangement of atoms in the molecule.
Bonding theories are the vital postulates in chemistry that provide the basic information regarding the bonds present in a particular molecule. Three bonding theories are Lewis theory, valence bond theory, and molecular orbital theory. In Lewis theory, the electrons and lone pairs are symbolized as dots surrounding the atom. In valence bond theory, electrons are shared among orbitals of atoms, that forms bonds. In molecular orbital theory, two atomic orbitals combine to make a molecular orbital. Bonding theories are very significant as they maintain the orientation in a bond. They provide information on the sort of bond present in the molecule, the sort of bonding taking place to form a simple or complex compound.
Molecular geometry is also known as the molecular structure. It is the three-dimensional structure or arrangement of atoms in a molecule. Helps to understand the molecular structure of a compound. It helps to determine the polarity, reactivity, phase of matter, color, magnetism, as well as the biological activity.
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The complete question is,
Explain bonding Theories and molecular geometry.
QUICK PLEASE
9. What is the final concentration when 420 mL of a 12.0 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is diluted to 2.0 L?
Show your work and explain each step.
Answer: 2.52 M
Explanation:
The product of molarity (moles/litre) and volume in litres yields moles, and the numbers of moles in two solutions means dilute and concentrated are equal, which is expressed by the following equation:
[tex]M_1V_1=M_2V_2[/tex]
[tex]$$Given that\\M $1=12.0 \mathrm{M}$ or mole $/ \mathrm{L}$\\$\mathrm{V} 1=420 \mathrm{ml}$\\$\mathrm{M} 2=$ ?\\$\mathrm{V} 2=2.0 \mathrm{~L}$ or $2000 \mathrm{ml}$\\\\$\mathrm{M} 1 \mathrm{~V} 1=\mathrm{M} 2 \mathrm{~V} 2$\\$\mathrm{M} 2=\mathrm{M} 1 \mathrm{~V} 1 / \mathrm{V} 2$\\$=12.0 * 420 / 2000$\\$=2.52 \ \mathrm{M}$[/tex]
Consider the chemical equilibrium of the reaction. NH4OH(aq) NH4 (aq) OH(aq) What will happen to the chemical equilibrium if NH4Cl is added to this solution
Answer:
hydrochloride acidic maby
Explanation:
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3 A+B 2C+D
What is the percent yield of the reaction if 7.00 mol of A actually formed 1.00 mol of
C?
Answer:
Percent Yield = 21.4% C
Explanation:
The actual yield is the value that was produced after conducting an experiment. The theoretical yield is the value calculated using the balanced chemical equation.
To find the percent yield, you need to (1) convert moles A to moles C (via the mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients) and then (2) calculate the percent yield. It is important to arrange the ratios in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the values given.
3 A + B -----> 2 C + D
^ ^
7.00 moles A 2 moles C
--------------------- x ---------------------- = 4.67 moles C
3 moles A
Actual Yield
Percent Yield = ------------------------------ x 100%
Theoretical Yield
1.00 moles C
Percent Yield = ------------------------- x 100%
4.67 moles C
Percent Yield = 21.4% C
Principal energy levels describe regions of space where _____ may be found. they have values from n = 1, 2, 3 and so on. the greater the value of n, the _____ the average distance from the nucleus.
Principal energy levels describe regions of space where electrons may be found.
the greater the average distance from the nucleus.
The principal energy level of an electron is the shell or orbit in which the electron resides with respect to the nucleus. This level is represented by the principal quantum number n.
The principal quantum number n represents the total relative energy of each orbit. The energy level of each orbit increases as the distance from the nucleus increases. A set of orbitals with the same n value is often called the electron shell.
Only seven energy levels are required to contain all the electrons in any atom of any currently known element. As mentioned earlier, the energy associated with the energy level increases as the distance from the nucleus increases.
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How does the tundra contribute to a reduction of carbon dioxide on earth? how is climate change affecting the tundra’s ability to reduce carbon dioxide? (site 1)
This causes organic matter to decompose faster, releasing larger amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
As a result of climate change, tundra soils are thawing deeper and deeper and for a longer time in the upper layers of surface.
What is Tundra ?The tundra is a biome on the Earth that covers approximately 20% of its land mass, and it is almost exclusively located in the Northern Hemisphere.
It is an environment that helps in the regulation of the CO2 in the atmosphere, and it is one of the biggest natural CO2 sinks. The living organisms in the tundra, are using the CO2 for their needs, thus removing parts of it from the atmospherewhen they are no more, because the tundra is cold, and the decomposition is very slow, most of the CO2 remains trapped, and doesn't go into the atmosphere.Learn more about Tundra here:
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Carbon has six protons; therefore, its mass number is six.
a. true
b. false
Answer:
B.) False
Explanation:
The mass number is determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons in an element's nucleus. Since carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, the mass number is 12.
The atomic number is determined by the number of protons in an element's nucleus. Since carbon has 6 protons, the atomic number is 6.
What is different about atoms after a redox reaction has happened?
A. They have changed physical states.
B. Their oxidation states have changed.
C. The number of protons has changed.
D. They have higher electronegativities.
SUBMIT
Help Pls!!
A mixture of methane (CH₄) and butane (C₄H₁₀) at one atmosphere pressure and 25°C has a density of 1.375 g/L. Assuming ideal behavior, what is the mass in grams of carbon that are in 1 liter of the mixture?
The mass of carbon in 1 liter of mixture = 1.108 g
What is the mass of carbon in 1 liter of the mixture?The mass of carbon in 1 liter of the mixture is determined as follows:
First the moles of gas is determined using the ideal gas formula:
n = PV/RTn = (1 * 1)/(0.08205L * 298)
n = 0.0409 mole of total gas
mass of gas is then determined using the formula:
mass = density * volumemass = 1 * 1.375
mass = 1.375 g
Let x = mass of CH₄ and y = mass of C₄H₁₀
x + y = 1.375 g
nCH₄ + nC₄H₁₀ = ntotat
moles = mass/molar mass
x + y = 1.695 => y = 1.695 - x
(x/molar mass of CH₄) + [(1.375 - x)/ molar mass C₄H₁₀ = 0.0409
x/16 + (1.375 - x)/58 = 0.0409
x = 0.380 g CH₄
y = 1.375 - 0.380
y = 0.995 g of C₄H₁₀
mass of C in CH₄ = 12/16 * 0.380 = 0.285
mass of C in C₄H₁₀ = 48/58 * 0.995 = 0.823
Mass of carbon in 1 liter of mixture = 0.285 + 0.823
Mass of carbon in 1 liter of mixture = 1.108 g
In conclusion, the carbon is the major component in the mixture.
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- According to collision theory, what is not a factor that determines if two molecules will bind?
A. The direction the molecules are facing.
B. The speed the molecules are traveling.
C. The specific heat of the molecules.
D. What element the molecules are.
The factor which will not determines if two molecules will bind according to collision theory is the direction the molecules are facing
What is collision theory?Collision theory is a theory which describes of predicting the rate at which chemical reactions occurs between atoms and molecules of elements.
So therefore, the factor which will not determines if two molecules will bind according to collision theory is the direction the molecules are facing
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Taran wants to determine the mass of 7.3 moles of a compound. What additional information does Taran need
Answer: To determine the mass of the 7.3 moles of a compound Taran also needs to know the molar mass of the compound
Explanation: Multiply the atomic weight (from the periodic table) of each element by the number of atoms of that element present in the compound.
Add it all together and put units of grams/mole after the number.
It gives us the molar mass of the compound taken.
Multiply it with number of moles i.e., 7.3 moles, you will get the mass of the 7.3 moles of a compound.
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A positive correlation ______ a causal link, and a negative correlation ______ a causal link.
A. does not necessarily indicate, does not necessarily indicate
B. does not necessarily indicate, always indicates
C. always indicates, does not necessarily indicate
D. always indicates, always indicates
A positive correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link, and a negative correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link. Option A
What is correlation?In research, correlation often indicates that some kind of relationship does exist between the variables. This does not actually mean causation. The correlation could be positive or negative.
It should be known that; a positive correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link, and a negative correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link. Option A
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5. The maximum acceptable concentrations of the chemicals listed in Table 2 on page 283, are based on an average daily intake of 1.5 L of drinking water.
a) If a community’s drinking water contained the maximum acceptable levels of lead, how much lead would a person in the community consume in a year?
b) Would you willingly drink this water? Give reasons for your decision.
Based on the the US Environmental Protection Agency guidelines, the maximum allowable concentration of lead in drinking water, yearly intake of lead by the individual = 8.21 mg.
I would not willingly drink the water due to the risk of lead poisoning.
What is the maximum acceptable concentration of Lead in Drinking water?Based on the US Environmental Protection Agency guidelines, the maximum allowable concentration of lead in drinking water is 0.015 mg/L.
a)Given daily average intake of water is 1.5, in one year;
Volume of water intake = 1.5 * 365 = 547.5 L
Yearly intake of lead by the individual = 0.015 mg/L * 547.5
Yearly intake of lead by the individual = 8.21 mg
b) I would not willingly drink the water due to the risk of lead poisoning.
In conclusion, safe, drinking water should be free on contaminants such as lead to avoid lead poisoning.
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The group of students then did an experiment using four different solutes to see which one would be best in their hot pack. To determine which solute would be best, the students mixed 20 g of each solute into separate containers that each held 50 mL of 24°C water. The students then recorded the temperature changes in each container. The data table below shows the maximum and minimum temperature they obtained for each solute, as well as the temperature difference.
Based on the value of temperature increase, the best solute to be used in the hot pack is calcium chloride.
What are exothermic reactions?Exothermic reactions are reactions in which heat is liberated or given by the substances reacting.
The reaction in hot packs are exothermic reactions.
Based on the increase in temperature observed when 20 g of each solute is mixed into separate containers that each held 50 mL of 24°C water, the best solute to be used in the hot pack is calcium chloride.
In conclusion, exothermic reactions give off heat.
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A company sells a natural medicine with plant ingredients to help treat dementia, a disease in which people have a hard time remembering things. the natural ingredients in the medicine are most likely from which type of plant?
The type of plant should be ginkgo.
Ginkgo biloba is a popular herbal supplement used to improve memory and prevent dementia, presumably due to its antioxidant properties or anti-amyloid aggregation effects.
What is Dementia?Dementia is a term used to describe when a person's loss of certain behavioral abilities, such as remembering, thinking, and reasoning, interferes with their daily activities and life.
Dementia occurs when neurons in the brain stop functioning, lose their ability to communicate with other cells in the brain, and die. When people develop dementia, they may have problems with a variety of cognitive functions.
What Are Ginkgo Trees Used For?Aside from its decorative aspects, ginkgo biloba is a medical herb with numerous benefits. The tree is frequently used to treat a variety of ailments, including:
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129) Which of the following metals have the highest atomic mass?
A) Copper
B) Gold
C) Iron
D) Platinum
130) What does the atomic number of an element represent in an neutral atom?
A) Number of electrons and protons.
B) Number of electrons and neutrons.
C) Number of protons and neutrons.
D) Does not have a specific representation.
Answer:
B) Gold
A) Number of electrons and protons.
Explanation:
Atomic Masses (from periodic table):
----> Copper (Cu): 63.546 g/mol
----> Gold (Au): 196.97 g/mol
----> Iron (Fe): 55.845 g/mol
----> Platinum (Pt): 195.08 g/mol
The atomic number represents the number of protons. Neutral atoms have the same number of protons as electrons. The mass number represents the number of protons and neutrons.
In the following equation, ______ is being oxidized and ______ is being reduced.
CO3 2- + 2H+ → CO2 + H2O
A. None of these
B. carbon, oxygen
C. carbon, hydrogen
D. hydrogen, carbon
[tex]oxidation \: number \: of \: oxygen = \\ before \: rxn = - 2 \\ after \: rxn = - 2[/tex]
[tex]oxidation \: number \: of \: hydrogen = \\ before \: rxn = + 1 \\ after \: rxn = \\ 2x - 2 = 0 \\ x = + 1[/tex]
[tex]oxidation \: number \: of \: carbon = \\ before \: rxn = \\ x - 6 = - 2 \\ x = 4 \\ after \: rxn = \\ x - 4 = 0 \\ x = 4[/tex]
Option A[tex]oxidation \: numbers \: remain \: constant \\ so \: none \:a re \: undergoing \: oxidation \: \\ nor \: reduction \: [/tex]
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I believe that is the answer
When you are taking a test, you are awake and alert. this means that your brain is currently generating _____.
a. alpha wave
b. beta wave
c. theta wave
d. delta wave
When you are taking a test, you are awake and alert, which means that your brain is currently generating beta waves (Option b).
What are beta waves?The beta waves are a special type of brain waves observed by using electromagnetic devices (especially in physiology).
This type of waves are dominant during conscious thought as well as during cognitive logical thinking processes.
In conclusion, when you are taking a test, you are awake and alert, which means that your brain is currently generating beta waves (Option b).
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What do mitochondria do inside the cell?
Answer:
The most basic answer to this is that the mitochondria generates energy for the cell's power needs.
But... (elaborated in explanation.)
Explanation:
As you may know, the mitochondria is the powerhouse of cells.
The mitochondria can ALSO identify cell death, and determine which cells (dead) must be destroyed.
The mitochondria helps regulate calcium storage, but quickly absorbing calcium ions until needed.
And lastly, the mitochondria can also help generate heat. A process called proton leak. This is known as non-shivering thermogenesis.
In sharp contrast to elimination reactions, addition reactions are generally favored at ______________________, because ________ is more likely to be negative at such temperatures.
In sharp contrast to elimination reactions, addition reactions are generally favored at low temperature, because enthalpy term is more likely to be negative at such temperatures.
What is Addition Reaction ?An addition reaction is an organic reaction occur when two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule without the loss of any atoms present in reactant. Addition reaction is favored at low temperature.
What is Elimination Reaction ?Elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction where many atoms either in groups or pairs are removed from a molecule. Elimination reaction is favored at high temperature.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that In sharp contrast to elimination reactions, addition reactions are generally favored at low temperature, because enthalpy term is more likely to be negative at such temperatures.
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A solution of ammonia NH3(aq) is at equilibrium. How would the equilibrium
change if NH4* were removed from the solution?
OA. [NH4*] would increase.
OB. [H*] would increase.
C. [NH] would decrease.
OD. [NH3] would increase.
Let's check the equation
[tex]\sf NH_3+H^+\leftrightharpoons NH_4^+H_2O[/tex]
As per Le ch a.tlers principle
Any external factor affecting the concentration or temperature still change the equilibriumSo
If we remove NH_4+
Water would increase
NH_3 would decreaseOption C
(iii) Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide at room temperature
and pressure that can be obtained from 30.0 g of glucose.
The combustion of 30.0 g of glucose at room temperature and pressure produces 24.0 L of carbon dioxide.
What is combustion?It is a reaction in which a substance burns with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
Let's consider the combustion of glucose.
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ ⇒ 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O
First, let's convert 30.0 g of glucose to moles using its molar mass.
30.0 g × 1 mol/180.16 g = 0.167 mol
The molar ratio of C₆H₁₂O₆ to CO₂ is 1:6. The moles of carbon dioxide produced are:
0.167 mol Glucose × (6 mol CO₂/1 mol Glucose) = 1.00 mol CO₂
1 mol of an ideal gas at room temperature and pressure occupies 24.0 L.
The combustion of 30.0 g of glucose at room temperature and pressure produces 24.0 L of carbon dioxide.
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Which of the molecules obeys the octet rule? i. bh3 ii. no2 iii. sf6 iv. o3 v. pcl5 select one: a. choice i b. choice ii c. choice iii d. choice iv e. choice v
The molecule obeying the octet rule is option (D) O3.
According to the octet rule, an atom's outer shell or orbit needs to contain eight electrons for the molecule to be stable. Knowing the number of valence electrons in a molecule is made easier by Lewis structure. The electrons involved in bond-forming and non-bonding electron pairs are known as valence electrons.
Each oxygen molecule in ozone or O3 has six valence electrons.Due to the presence of three oxygen molecules, there are a total of 18 valence electrons (6*3=18). Therefore, the Ozone molecule has a total of 18 valence electrons accessible.
Therefore,The molecule obeying the octet rule is option (D) O3.
The resonance structure of O3 is given below;
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Where do neuronal precursor cells that will eventually become hippocampal interneurons reside?
In the subgranular zone
What could the fourth quantum number of a 3p3 electron be?
A. ms=-1/2
B. ms=-1
C. ms=+1
D. ms=0
Lidocaine is available in an ampule with 100 mg in 5 ml of solution. how many ml do you give to administer 65 mg?
Lidocaine is available in an ampule with 100 mg in 5 ml of solution. We need to give 3.25ml to administer 65mg.
Lidocaine is an anesthetic that has the power to neutralize neuromal membranes.
Given data:
Amount desired (D) = 65 g
Amount on hand (H) = 100 mg
Quantity = 5 mL
Plug in what you know into the formula and simplify.
[tex]\frac{Amount desired}{Amount in hand}[/tex] × quantity
[tex]\frac{65}{100}[/tex] × 5
0.65 × 5 = 3.25ml
Therefore, When Lidocaine is available in an ampule with 100 mg in 5 ml of solution. We need to give 3.25ml to administer 65mg.
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What is the wavelength of a photon if the energy is 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ j? (h = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ j • s)
The wavelength of a photon if the energy is 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ J is
Calculation,
Given energy = 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
Plank's constant = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s
Formula used:
E = hv
E is the energyh is plank's constantv s frequencyv = c/ lemda
Where, c = speed of light =
lamda = wavelength of the photon
Putting the value of v in equation (i), and rearrange the equation.
E = hc/lemda = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J×3[tex]10^{8}[/tex]/lemda = 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.s
lamda = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴J×3[tex]10^{8}[/tex] m[tex]s^{-1}[/tex]/7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹J.s = 2.58× [tex]10^{-9}[/tex]m =2.58 nm
So, wavelength of a photon is 2.58 nm
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Blank + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2NaCl
How to complete this equation so that it is a Double displacement reaction
The complete equation to following equation to make a double replacement reaction is: Na2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2NaCl.
What is a double displacement reaction.A double displacement reaction is the reaction that involves the replacement of two elements.
According to this question, barium sulfate (BaSO4) and sodium chloride are produced from the chemical equation given.
This clearly suggests that Sodium sulfate is the missing reactant, hence, the complete equation to following equation to make a double replacement reaction is:
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2NaCl.
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Which is the site of gaseous exchange in the lungs?
Write the relationship between displacement, velocity and time?
Explanation:
1. The gaseous exchange in the lungs occurs in the alveoli. They are tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles (tiny branches of air tubes in the lungs). The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.
Place the following substances in order of increasing vapor pressure at a given temperature. SF6 SiH4 SF4
Substances in order of increasing vapor pressure at a given temperature is SF4 < SF6 < SiH4
The substance with the lowest vapor pressure will also have the greatest boiling point. A liquid attribute associated with evaporation is vapor pressure. The distribution of kinetic energy among the molecules in a liquid (or any substance) is influenced by the system's temperature.How do you determine vapor pressure?Vapor pressure in chemistry is the force that an evaporating substance exerts against the walls of a sealed container (converts to a gas). Use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to determine the vapor pressure at a specific temperature: ln(P1/P2) = (Hvap/R)((1/T2) - (1/T1)Which has highest vapor pressure?
At the normal boiling point of a liquid, the vapor pressure is equal to the standard atmospheric pressure defined as 1 atmosphere, 760 Torr, 101.325 kPa, or 14.69595 psi. For example, at any given temperature, methyl chloride has the highest vapor pressure of any of the liquids in the chart.Learn more about vapor pressure
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How many moles of sucrose are in 5.25x10^29 sucrose molecules?
Answer:
8.72×10^5
Explanation:
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