The average atomic mass of boron is derived from the isotopic masses and percentage abundance. The average atomic mass of boron is 10.7 amu.
What are isotopes?Isotopes are atoms of same element with different atomic mass numbers. Almost all elements have two or more isotopes but not all of them are stable in nature.
The average atomic mass can be calculated from the isotopic mass and and percentage abundance as follows:
atomic mass = ∑ (isotopic mass × %abundance /100 )
Apply the isotopic mass and abundance of all isotopes given as follows:
atomic mass of neon = (30/100 × 10 amu) + (70/100 × 11 amu) = 10.7 amu
Therefore, the atomic mass of boron is 10.7 amu.
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Which organism makes its own food
An organism that can manufacture food on its own utilising light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals is known as an autotroph.
Explain about an autotroph?
An organism that can manufacture food on its own utilizing light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals is known as an autotroph. Autotrophs are occasionally referred to as producers since they grow their own nourishment.
A living thing that does not consume other organisms but instead obtains its own nourishment from inorganic sources or the environment. A heterotroph is an organism that cannot synthesis organic compounds from inorganic material and must receive its organic food molecules by consuming the waste of other organisms.
Given that they produce their own sustenance through photosynthesis, the majority of plants are autotrophs. There are, however, exceptions to every rule. A host serves as the food source for some parasitic, non-photosynthetic plants.
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Complete the chart. (Remember to enter a "0" if necessary.)
Atomic Number: 3
The electronic configuration of atomic number 3 will be, 1s²: 2s^1 with all the other slots filled in as 0.
What is electronic configuration?The electron configuration is described as the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.
As we are given that the atomic number of an element is, 3. Now we have to determine the electronic configuration of an element that has the atomic number 3.
We know that the atomic number is equal to the number of protons or number of electrons.
So, the number of electrons the element has is equal to 3.
Therefore, the electronic configuration of atomic number 3 will be, 1s²: 2s^1 .
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Complete question:
Complete the chart. (Remember to enter a 0 if necessary.) Atomic Number: 3 1s: 2s: 2p: 3s: 3p: 4s: 3d: 4p: 5s:
The image below shows two types of plant cells under a microscope.
root cells and leaf cells
Which statement explains the difference in chloroplasts between the two types of plant cells?
Unlike the leaf cells, the root cells have no chloroplasts because root cells do not need to produce or use energy. Option A
What is the cell?We have to note that the cell is the smallest part of an organism that can have independent existence. We know that the microscope is the device that we can be able to use to view the cells.
Now, we know that the cell is composed of the organelles of the cell. The organelles of the cell include the chloroplast of the cell as well as the cell wall of the cell.
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Missing parts;
The image below shows two types of plant cells under a microscope.
root cells and leaf cells
Which statement explains the difference in chloroplasts between the two types of plant cells?
A.
Unlike the leaf cells, the root cells have no chloroplasts because root cells do not need to produce or use energy.
B.
Unlike the root cells, the leaf cells have many chloroplasts because leaf cells produce sugars for the plant.
C.
The root cells have smaller chloroplasts because root cells do not need to store food and water.
D.
The leaf cells have larger chloroplasts because leaf cells need more support and a stronger structure.
Calculate the mass of carbon and the mass of hydrogen in 82.0 g of propane.
Mass of the carbon is 7.44 g while the mass of the hydrogen is 0.4 g.
What is the mass of the carbon?We have to know that we can be able to obtain the masses of each of the atoms that can be found in the molecule that is called propane. You have to note that propane is a hydrocarbon and this means that the only two atoms there are carbon and hydrogen.
We then have;
Number of moles of the propane = mass/molar mass = 82.0 g/44 g/mol
= 1.86 moles
Number of moles of the carbon = 1.86 moles/3 = 0.62 moles
Mass of carbon = 0.62 mol * 12 g/mol = 7.44 g
Number of moles of hydrogen = 1.62/8 = 0.2 moles
Mass of the hydrogen = 0.2 moles * 2 g/mol = 0.4 g
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Zinc Sulfide reacts with oxygen according to the reaction:
2ZnS (s) + 3 O2(g) -> 2 ZnO (s) + 2 SO2 (g)
A reaction mixture contains 4.2 moles of zinc sulfide and 6.8 moles of oxygen. Once the reaction occurred as completely as possible, what amount in moles is left of the excess reactant?
The amount in moles of the excess reactant left is 0.5 mole.
Balanced equation- 2ZnS (s) + 3O₂(g) --> 2ZnO (s) + 2SO₂(g).
What is another name for zinc sulfide?
A typical pigment known as sachtolith is zinc sulphide.From the balanced equation,
2 moles of ZnS reacted with 3 moles of O₂
How to determine the excess reactant
From the balanced equation,
2 moles of ZnS reacted with 3 moles of O₂
Therefore,
4.2 moles of ZnS will react with =(4.2 × 3) / 2 = 6.3 moles of O₂
From the calculations made above, we can see that only 6.3 moles of O₂ out of 6.8 moles given, is required to react completely with 4.2 moles of ZnS.
Thus, ZnS is the limiting reactant and O₂ is the excess reactant.
How to determine the mole of the excess reactant remaining
The excess reactant is O₂. Thus the mole remaining after the reaction can be obtained as illustrated below:
Mole of O₂ given = 6.8 moles
Mole of O₂ that reacted = 6.3 moles
Mole of O₂ remaining =?
Mole of O₂ remaining = (Mole of O₂ given) - (Mole of O₂ that reacted)
Mole of O₂ remaining = 6.8 - 6.3
Mole of O₂ remaining = 0.5 mole
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Answer the following questions regarding metals and alloys.
a. Describe metallic bonds.
b.
Explain how the metallic bonds give metals the ability to conduct electricity.
c. Compare the strength of iron and steel. Which is stronger? How do the bonds explain the difference
in strength?
d.
Compare the ductility or iron and steel-which is more ductile? How do the bonds explain the
difference in ductility?
Answer:
A. They are malleable, ductile, and conduct electricity.
Consider these chemical equations. n2(g) + 3h2(g) → 2nh3(g) c(s) + 2h2(g) → ch4(g) 4h2(g) + 2c(s) + n2(g) → 2hcn(g) + 3h2(g) which equation(s) do you need to reverse in order to calculate the overall equation for the formation of hcn and h2 from nh3 and ch4? check all that apply. a. n2(g) + 3h2(g) right arrow 2nh3(g) b. c(s) + 2h2(g) right arrow ch4(g)c. 4h2(g) + 2c(s) n2(g) right arrow 2hcn(g) + 3h2(g)
Equation 2, i.e. C+ 2H2= CH4, and equation 1 i.e.N2+3H2=2NH3 have to be reversed to obtain the overall equation. Thus, options A and B are correct.
According to chemical symbolization, the definition of a chemical equation is a reaction that results in the formation of products. The creation of the consequent reaction has been caused by the inclusion of several steps in the appropriate order.
chemical formulas
The picture that is attached has the given chemical formulae.
The graphic that is included provides the anticipated final response.
Methane and ammonia served as the reactant in the subsequent reaction, which produced carbon and hydrogen.
Methane has been on the product side of equation 2 and ammonia has been on the product side of equation 1.
Thus, equation 2, i.e. C+ 2H2= CH4, and equation 1 i.e.N2+3H2=2NH3 have to be reversed to obtain the overall equation. Thus, options A and B are correct.
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Answer:
A and B, A, C
Explanation:
A small coil of magnesium ribbon is placed in a crucible. The crucible and cover have a mass of 21.35 grams. Measuring the mass, including the magnesium gives 21.63 grams. The crucible, cove and contents are heated and then cooled and treated with water, A second heating and measuring of the final product (magnesium combined with oxygen) gives a mass of 21.82 grams. Determine the empirical formula of this oxide of magnesium.
The empirical formula of this oxide of magnesium is derived as MgO.
What is empirical formula?In chemistry, empirical formula of a chemical compound is simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in compound. An example of this concept is that: empirical formula of sulfur monoxide, or SO, would be SO as the empirical formula of disulfuric dioxide, S₂O₂.
Given total mass of magnesium ribbon, crucible and cover of 21.35 grams
Given that magnesium combined with oxygen gives a mass of 21.82 grams.
As we know, mass of magnesium oxide = mass of Mg + mass of O
mass of O = 21.82 - 21.35
= 0.19
moles of O = 0.19/16
= 0.011 mol O
So, now the empirical formula of magnesium oxide is MgO.
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According to the bohr model of the atom, the single electron of a hydrogen atom circles the nucleus...
a. in specific, allowed orbits.
b. in one fixed orbit at all times.
c. at any of an infinite number of distances, depending on its energy.
d. counterclockwise.
The protons and neutrons that make up the atom's nucleus account for the majority of the atom's mass according to the Bohr model.
What is meant by bohr model of the atom?The Bohr model, also known as the Rutherford-Bohr model, was first proposed by Niels Bohr and Ernest Rutherford in 1913. It is a system made up of an orbiting nucleus that is compact and dense, surrounded by electrons, much like the Solar System.
Bohr was the first to realise that electrons move in various orbits around the nucleus and that the quantity of electrons in an element's outer orbit determines its properties.
In the Bohr model of the atom, the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus are responsible for most of the atom's mass. The negatively charged electrons orbit the positively charged core, making up a small portion of the mass but being electrically comparable to the protons in the nucleus.
Therefore, the correct answer is option a. in specific, allowed orbits.
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The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure on the surface of the liquid. The heat of vaporization of ethanol is 838 joules per gram.
A sample of ethanol has a mass of 65.0 grams and is boiling at 1.00 atmosphere. Calculate the minimum amount of heat required to completely vaporize this sample of ethanol.
The heat required to vaporize the ethanol is 54.47 kJ.
What heat is required to vaporize the ethanol?We know that the heat of vaporization would have to do with the heat that is required so as to be able to change the state of the object. It is the heat that is required so as to enable the phase to be changed from liquid to gas phase.
H = mL
H = heat required
L=Heat of vaporization
m = mass of the liquid
H = 65 g * 838 joules per gram
H = 54.47 kJ
The ethanol would be vaporized by 54.47 kJ. This is the heat that is required to vaporize ethanol from the calculation above.
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A solid whose molecules are arranged in a repeating pattern, is called?
Answer:
Crystalline solids
Explanation:
hope this helps
In a 100.0 g a sample of a compound containing only copper and sulfur There are found to be 79.9 Of copper and 20.1 g of sulfur
A sample of a compound made up exclusively of copper and sulphur weighing 100.0 g was discovered to contain 79.9 g of copper, 20.1 g of sulphur, and 20.01 g of M(s).
What do you mean compound?In chemistry, a compound is a substance made up of two or more different chemical elements that have been combined together in a specific ratio. When the elements interact with one another, difficult-to-break chemical bonds are formed. a substance produced chemically by combining two or more different elements. Examples of compounds are table salt (NaCl), which is generated from the elements sodium and chloride, and water (H2O), which is created from the components hydrogen and oxygen.
What is not a compound?A compound is a chemical entity made up of numerous identical molecules bound together by chemical bonds and made up of atoms from different elements. A molecule is not regarded as a compound if it solely contains atoms from one element.
m = mcompound * W
m(Cu) = 100 g * 0.799 = 79.0* g
M(S) = 100 g * 0.201 = 20.01 g.
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Increase of greenhouse gases, due to human activity, is melting sea ice at the poles. This causes changes in climate. Which three spheres interact in this process?.
The three spheres that interact in the process of melting sea ice due to increased greenhouse gases are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and cryosphere.
The atmosphere contains the greenhouse gases that trap heat, causing the Earth's surface to warm. The hydrosphere is the sphere that contains the ocean, which absorbs a large amount of the heat caused by the greenhouse gases. The cryosphere is the sphere that contains the ice, which is melting as a result of the warming caused by the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the heat absorbed by the ocean in the hydrosphere.
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Draw all resonance structures for methylisocyanate, CH3NCO, a toxic gas used in the manufacturing of pesticides. Which resonance structures are the most important?
The methyl isocyanate, CH₃NCO is the toxic gas used for the manufacturing of the pesticides. All the three resonance structure are attached below.
The methyl isocyanate is the organic compound, which is a colorless. It is used in the manufacturing of the pesticides. The methyl carbon is sp³ hybridized. the nitrogen atom is sp² and the isocyanate carbon is sp hybridize and the oxygen atom is sp² hybridized.
The most important resonance structure for the metyl isocyanate is given below:
H
| .. ..
H - C - N = C = O :
|
H
The methyl isocyanate is vey toxic for humans from the acute exposure.
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How many grams does 8.92 x 1024 atoms of tin weigh?
I apologize, I made an error in my previous response. 8.92 x 1024 atoms of tin would actually weigh approximately 5.26 x 10^25 grams.
To calculate this, you can use the formula:
Weight (in grams) = Number of atoms x Atomic weight (in grams/mol)
The atomic weight of tin is 118.710 g/mol. So,
Weight (in grams) = 8.92 x 1024 atoms x 118.710 g/mol
Weight (in grams) = 1.05 x 10^26 g
Weight (in grams) ≈ 5.26 x 10^25 g
Keep in mind that this is an extremely large weight and not practically measurable as it's equivalent to 5.26 x 10^25 tons.
How many grams of lioh are needed to make 100 ml of a 0.1 m solution?
0.24 g of LiOH are needed to make 100 ml of a 0.1 m solution.
What is LiOH?Lithium hydroxide (LiOH), commonly obtained by the reaction of lithium carbonate with lime, is used in making lithium salts (soaps) of stearic and other fatty acids; these soaps are widely used as thickeners in lubricating greases.
Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula LiOH. It can exist as anhydrous or hydrated, and both forms are white hygroscopic solids. They are soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. Both are available commercially.
LiOH (Lithium hydroxide) is a base. It is because it releases OH– (hydroxide-ion) in water. According to theories, a substance that can accept a proton or donate electrons or react with acid is classified as a base. LiOH reacts with strong acid HCl that produce LiCl and water.
Determination of mass of LiOH required:The molarity of LiOH is 0.1M
The given volume is,
M = W1 × 1000/m1 × V(ml)
m1 = molecular mass of LiOH = 24
putting the values in the previous equation,
0.1 = W1 × 1000/24 × 100
W1 = 0.1 × 24 ×100/1000
⇒ 0.24 grams of LiOH is required.
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I need a description of the rocks and the unknown fossil.
Table E. Arrangement of Rocks in Geologic Time Scale and Identity of Unknown Fossil
The earliest rocks are Cambrian, followed by Ordovician, Devonian, and Permian rocks.
What are rocks?A rock is a naturally occurring substance made up of crystalline crystals consisting of various minerals that have fused together to form a solid mass.
It's possible or unlikely that the minerals that make up rock's composition developed at the same time.
On the earth's surface, igneous rocks—which are volcanic rocks—are widespread. They are created when molten material solidifies.
One of these is granite, which is created when magma solidifies underground.
Sedimentary rocks are those that are created from the eroded pieces of other rocks. Even the carcasses of plants or animals are used to create them.
Thus, the oldest rocks are therefore those that are Cambrian, followed by Ordovician, Devonian, and Permian in age.
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How many atoms are in 4 moles of MgCl2
Answer:
1 mole of any substance contains 6.02 x 1023 constituent particles, correct to three significant figures (avogadro constant).
Number of molecules of 4 moles of MgCl2 = 4 x 6.02 x 1023
In every molecule of MgCl2 there are 3 atoms.
Thus, number of atoms in 4 moles of MgCl2 = 3 x 4 x 6.02 x 1023 = 7.22 x 1024
A flexible container holds 3.00mol of gas and occupies 10.0L. Some air is removed from
the container and there are now 1.90mol of gas in the container. Assume pressure
remains constant.
What is the final volume?
According to Avogadro's law, the final volume of container is 6.33 liters.
What is Avogadro's law?Avogadro's law is a gas law which states that the total number of atoms or molecules has a direct proportion to the volume occupied by a gas at a constant temperature and pressure.
It is closely related to ideal gas equation as it links temperature, pressure, volume and the amount of substance.It is given as, V∝n.
The straight line graph of volume versus moles is a straight line passing through the origin which implies that zero moles of gas occupy zero volume.
Substituting values in the formula, V₁/n₁=V₂/n₂ that is V₂=10×1.90/3=6.33 moles.
Thus, the final volume of gas is 6.33 liters.
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What mass of HBO2 is produced from the
combustion of 53.2 g of B2H6?
The total mass of products produced from the combustion of 53.2 g of B2H6 is 105.63 g.
What is combustion?Combustion is a chemical reaction that involves the oxidation of a fuel that produces heat and light. During combustion, oxygen combines with the fuel to form new compounds, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gaseous products.
The combustion of B2H6 produces two moles of H2O and one mole of B2O3. The mass of H2O produced can be calculated by multiplying the moles of H2O by the molar mass of H2O, which is 18.015 g/mol. The mass of B2O3 produced can be calculated by multiplying the moles of B2O3 by the molar mass of B2O3, which is 69.6 g/mol.
Therefore, the mass of H2O produced from the combustion of 53.2 g of B2H6 is 2 x 18.015 g/mol = 36.03 g. The mass of B2O3 produced from the combustion of 53.2 g of B2H6 is 1 x 69.6 g/mol = 69.6 g.
The total mass of products produced from the combustion of 53.2 g of B2H6 is 36.03 g + 69.6 g = 105.63 g.
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What is the molar mass of AI(CIO4)3?
Answer:
Molar mass is 325.33
Explanation:
Molar mass is 325.33
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d2 is the correct electron configuration for which of the following atoms?
a. Ca
b. Ti
c. Ge
d. Zr
The 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d² is the correct electron configuration for the atoms is the b. Ti. The atomic number of the Ti is the 22.
The atomic number of the Ti is 22. The electronic configuration of the Ti is given below as :
Ti = 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d²
The element name is the Titanium with the symbol Ti. The Titanium is the element belongs to the 3d block. The 3d elements are called as the transition elements. So, it is also called as the transition element. The valency of the Titanium is the 4.
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In an experiment involving a balloon, a scientist notices that the gas particles within the balloon begin to move faster, resulting
in the balloon expanding. Which statement best describes the experiment? (1 point)
O The scientist is investigating Boyle's law, which shows that pressure and volume are directly proportional.
O The scientist is investigating Charles's law, which shows that temperature and volume are directly proportional.
O The scientist is investigating Boyle's law, which shows that pressure and volume are inversely proportional.
O The scientist is investigating Charles's law, which shows that temperature and volume are inversely proportional.
The statement which describes the experiment best is,the scientist is investigating Charles's law, which shows that temperature and volume are directly proportional.
What is Charles's law?
It states that the volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when pressure is held constant. It states that the volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when pressure is held constant. In other words, if the temperature of a gas increases, its volume will also increase. This relationship was first described by French scientist Jacques Charles in 1787. He based his law on the results of experiments he conducted with varying amounts of gas. Charles's Law is one of the gas laws, which were used to formulate the ideal gas law. This law is especially useful for understanding how gases behave under various conditions, such as changes in temperature and pressure. It is also important to note that Charles's Law does not apply to liquids and solids as they are not gases.
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Arrange the liquids ethanol (C2H5OH), glycerol [HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH], and ethylene glycol (CH2OH)2 in decreasing order of expected viscosities.
The decreasing order of viscosity of the given liquids is as glycerol, ethylene glycol, and ethanol.
Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to change shape or flow when compared to other liquids. So the fluid with high viscosity will have low fluidity. The main reason for increased viscosity will be due to the molecular interactions . Viscosity can also be defined as the ease with which the molecules can move concerning one another. That means the more the interaction between molecules, the more viscosity.
In the case of the given liquids, all have OH groups, which could result in hydrogen bonding. So more the hydroxyl groups, the more the hydrogen bonding, the more interaction, and high the viscosity. Here glycerol has three OH groups, So it will have the highest viscosity. The ethylene glycol with two OH groups comes second and then ethanol.
So the decreasing order of viscosity will be, Glycerol, Ethylene glycol, and Ethanol.
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Based on the reading, what are the properties of carbon-14? Check all that apply.
Carbon-14 is a naturally occurring carbon isotope.
Carbon-14 has a known half-life.
Carbon-14 decays completely within 1,000 years.
Carbon-14 is not radioactive.
Carbon-14 is present in all living organisms.
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to isotope. Therefore, the correct options are options A among all the given options.
What is isotope?Every atom has an equal amount of protons and electrons, however isotopes are a little slightly weird because they contain variable quantities of neutrons while having an equal number of protons and electrons. Isotopes, however, differ in atomic mass while sharing the very same atomic number or place in the periodic table.
It is a naturally occurring (one parts per trillion) isotope.
It is radioactive, It has a half- life of 5,700 years.
It is found in all living organisms hence used for Carbon dating.
Therefore, the correct options are options A among all the given options.
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Consider the transport of glucose into an erythrocyte by facilitated diffusion. When the glucose concentrations are 5mM on the outside and 0.1 mM on the inside, the free-energy change for glucose uptake into the cell is: (These values may be of use to you: R= 8.315 J/mol middot K; T=298 K; 9 (Faraday constant)=96, 480 J/V; N=6.022 times 10^23/mol.)
The transport of glucose into erythrocyte by facilitated diffusion. When the glucose concentrations are 5mM on the outside and 0.1 mM on the inside, the free-energy change for glucose uptake into the cell is about 10 kJ/mol.
Given that :
Concentration of the outside = 5 mM
Concentration of the inside = 0.1 mM
Gas constant , R = 8.315 J/mol
Temperature T = 298 K
Faraday constant = 96480 J/V
N = 6.022 × 10²³ /mol
ΔV = 0.06 V
The free energy change is given as :
ΔG = RT ln (C in / C out) + ZFΔV
By using all the values , we get"
ΔG = 10 kJ/mol
Thus, the free energy change is 10 kJ/mol.
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PLEASE HELPPPP!!
Lab Report
Motion and Forces
Introduction-
1. What was the purpose of the experiment?
2. What were the independent, dependent, and control variables in your investigation? Describe the variables for each part of the experiment.
3. Write a hypothesis based on observations and scientific principles.
Experimental Methods-
4. What tools did you use to collect your data?
5. Write your procedure. List each step so that another student could follow the procedure and repeat your experiment.
Data and Observations-
6. Record your observations.
Conclusions-
7. What conclusions can you draw about how the sum of forces acting on an object affect its motion? Write an evidence-based claim.
8. Which mass, A, B, or C, was the greatest? Use the observations from your experiment and your knowledge of Newton’s laws of motion to write an evidence-based claim.
9. Make a model that shows the forces acting on two blocks on a flat, frictionless surface:
A 1 N block at rest
A 1 N block with 2 N of force applied in one horizontal direction
Include arrows to represent the forces and labels to indicate the magnitude of each force. Use your model to compare and explain the motion of each block.
Answer:
The purpose of this experiment was to see how motion takes place as well as Force The independent was the second item used I think that what happened at the thing I used I took a ball and threw it on the ground from height distance I recorded the time Same height
Arrange the steps of glycogen degradation in their proper order.
Hormonal signals trigger glycogen breakdown.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Glucose 6-phosphate undergoes further metabolic processing.
Which enzymes are required for glycogen degradation?
O phosphoglucomutase
O transferase
O glycogen phosphorylase
O phosphoglycerate mutase
O a-1,6-glucosidase
The breakdown of glycogen by the liver to maintain stable blood glucose levels requires phosphorylase kinase enzymes.
Glycogen deterioration is caused by what?The body gets its energy primarily from glycogen. The liver houses glycogen storage. Enzymes are certain proteins that convert glycogen to glucose when the organism need extra energy. In the body, they release the glucose.
Depletion of glycogen is it beneficial?You must avoid glycogen depletion. Due to extended periods of strenuous exercise, this occurs when the glycogen stores are depleted. you may not be eating enough carbohydrates. It will result in persistent fatigue, decreased strength, decreased endurance, and a general deterioration in athletic performance.
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The difference between doing compositional stoichiometry and reaction stoichiometry problems is:
There are mass/mole ratios of elements in compounds in compositional stoichiometry questions and mass/mole ratios of compounds in balanced equations in reaction-based stoichiometry problems.
Composition stoichiometry relates to the atomic structure of a chemical compound, whereas reaction stoichiometry refers to the quantity of compounds consumed or created during a chemical reaction. This is the main distinction between composition and reaction stoichiometry.
Chemically speaking, the term "stoichiometry" refers to the quantitative information about a chemical substance or chemical reaction. When the information pertains to a chemical compound, it is referred to as composition stoichiometry; when it pertains to a chemical reaction, it is referred to as reaction stoichiometry.
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[See picture]
1.) Which solution is considered SATURATED at 50C (Celsius) when 50g of solute is able to dissolve in 100g of water?
2.) At 40C (Celsius), 40g of KNO3 are mixed. The solution would be considered saturated, supersaturated, or unsaturated?
Ammonium chloride is soluble in water at a rate of around 50 g per 100 g at 50 °C. Potassium nitrate is exceptionally soluble in water.so the solution is Unsaturated.
What are Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions?A saturated solution is one that has as much of the solute present as is capable of dissolving.
A solution is said to be unsaturated if it doesn't contain all of the solute that can dissolve in it.
NaCl, or table salt, easily dissolves in water. Imagine you have a beaker of water, and you add some salt while swirling to make sure it dissolves. More is added, and it dissolves. No matter how long or how vigorously you swirl it, the salt ultimately reaches a point where it will not dissolve any further. Why? We are aware, at the molecular level, that the water's action causes the individual ions to separate from the salt crystal and enter the solution, where they are kept hydrated by water molecules. Additionally, some of the dissolved ions crash with the crystal once more and stay there. Recrystallization is the process by which a dissolved solute transforms back into a solid.
The rate of recrystallization of the dissolved solute equals the rate at which the solid salt is dissolving at given location. The overall amount of dissolved salt remains constant after that stage is achieved. The physical state characterized by the opposing processes of dissolving and recrystallization is known as solution equilibrium.
The solubility of KNO3 at 40 degree Celsius
Ammonium chloride is soluble in water at a rate of around 50 g per 100 g at 50 °C. This indicates that a saturated solution will only develop at 50 degrees Celsius when 50 grams of ammonium chloride are dissolved in 100 grams of water.
Potassium nitrate is exceptionally soluble in water.so the solution is UNSATURATED .It states that the maximum of potassium nitrate 65 g is soluble at 40°C in 100 g of water.
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