Diatomic elements are molecules composed of two atoms of the same element covalently bonded together, as opposed to other elements which are composed of only one atom.
What is diatomic?Diatomic elements are those elements that exist in nature as molecules made up of two atoms. Examples of diatomic elements include oxygen (O2), hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), fluorine (F2), chlorine (Cl2), and iodine (I2). These elements are the only elements that exist naturally as diatomic molecules.
This gives diatomic elements distinct properties compared to other elemental substances, such as having two different electron configurations, and having different spin states. Diatomic elements also have properties that are unique to them, such as having different boiling points, higher densities, and different reactivity. Additionally, diatomic elements are essential for life as many are used in crucial biochemical processes.
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1- Give the chemical formula for trans-dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)platinum(IV). Use (en) as the symbol for ethylenediamine.
2- Give the systematic name of this coordination compound.
Na[Al(OH)4]
1.trans-[Pt(en)2Cl2]2+
2.coordination compound Na [Al (OH)] systematic name: sodium tetrahydroxidoaluminate (III)
For several industrial and technical applications, sodium aluminate serves as an efficient supply of aluminum hydroxide. A white crystalline solid with the chemical formula NaAlO2, NaAl(OH)4 (hydrated), [2] Na2OAl2O3, or Na2Al2O4, pure sodium aluminate (anhydrous) is a white substance. Both a solution and a solid form of sodium aluminate are sold commercially.Other comparable compounds, often referred to as sodium aluminate, include Na5AlO4 and Na7Al3O8, which contain complex polymeric anions and Na17Al5O16 and NaAl11O17, which was originally wrongly thought to be -alumina, a phase of aluminum oxide.Aluminum chloride, sodium chloride, and water are produced when hydrogen chloride and sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate interact. Diluted hydrogen chloride in a solution form.
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Select the correct answer. what is the name of a system that converts thermal energy into a form of useful mechanical or electrical energy?
a. incubator
b. heat engine
c. centrifuge
d. vacuum column
e. spectrophotometer
Heat engine is a system that converts thermal energy into a form of useful mechanical or electrical energy.
In thermodynamics, the heat engine is a system which is able to convert the heat or thermal energy into mechanical or electrical energy which can be used in order to perform mechanical work. This is achieved by bringing the a particular working substance to a lower state temperature from a higher state temperature.
There are a different types of heat engines in which the Carnot engine possesses the maximum efficiency. Some examples of heat engines are firearms, thermal power station etc.
Hence, the correct option is b. heat engine.
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A 25.0 mL sample of a saturated Ca(OH)2 solution is titrated with 0.028 M HCl, and the equivalence point is reached after 38.1 mL of titrant are dispensed. Based on this data, what is the concentration (M) of the hydroxide ion
The concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is 0.0428 M.
Ions are what?A molecule or atom that has a net electrical charge is called an ion.
The balanced equation for the reaction between HCl and Ca(OH)2 is:
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + 2H2O
The number of moles of HCl added at the equivalence point can be found by multiplying the volume of HCl added (in liters) by its concentration in moles/liter:
moles HCl = (38.1 mL HCl x 0.028 mol/L HCl) / 1000 mL/L = 0.00107 mol HCl
The concentration of hydroxide ions can be found by dividing the number of moles of hydroxide ions by the volume of the solution:
[OH-] = moles OH- / L of solution
We know that the number of moles of HCl added is equal to the number of moles of OH- present, so:
[OH-] = 0.00107 mol OH- / (25.0 mL / 1000 mL/L) = 0.0428 M
Therefore, the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is 0.0428 M.
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Write a introduction base on the topic reproduction, male an female reproduction system
The ma le repr0 ductive system includes made up of internal organs such as the prostate gland, vas deferens, as well as ure thra as well as external geni talia like the pe nis, tes tes, as well as scrot um.
The health of something like the male reproductive system and the hormo nes secreted by the brain determine a man's fertility as well as sexual characteristics.
The human reproductive system would be the organ system primarily charged of creating and fertilizing gametes (eggs but rather sperm) as well as carrying a fetus. The gonads of both se xes create gametes.
The ov aries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, as well as vagina are all parts of the female repro ductive system. It comprises the pe nis, prostate, as well as tes tes in men.
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List all the possible types of bonding for oxygen
Two covalent bonds are formed by oxygen to complete their octet.
What are covalent bonds?An electron exchange that results in the formation of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond. Bonding pairs or sharing pairs are the names given to these electron pairs. Covalent bonding is the stable equilibrium of the attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons.
What is an octet?In chemistry, an octet is an arrangement of eight electrons in the outer electron shell of a noble gas atom. The relative inertness of noble gases and the chemical behaviour of several other elements are attributed to this structure.
What is oxygen?The chemical element oxygen has an atomic number of 8. (it has eight protons in its nucleus). At normal temperatures and pressures, oxygen transforms into the chemical compound (O2) of two atoms, which is a colourless gas.
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Freddy mixes a solid chemical with a liquid chemical and generates a chemical reaction. What can be said about any mixture of chemicals he used
Many of these, including cheese, gelatin, and various inks, are commonplace. Like the other classes, mixtures of solids and liquids may be separated in many ways.
science has been actively involved in the pursuit of this goal since it is crucial for a variety of liquids. When two or more distinct substances physically join, a mixture is produced that can be dispersed back into its constituent parts. a bowl of various candies, a pile of various leaves, steel, and sugar syrup A gelatin is any two or more different types of particles together. These particles are physically bound together rather than reacting chemically with one another. Two or more reactants are changed into one or more separate products during a chemical reaction. Alternately, we might assume that a chemical reaction rearranges the atoms of the reactants to create new products.
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What is the expected major organic product from treatment of 4-methyl-2-pentyne with sodium metal in liquid ammonia
4-methyl-2-pentene s the expected major organic product from treatment of 4-methyl-2-pentyne with sodium metal in liquid ammonia.
The process includes hydrogenation of an alkyne to an alkene in liquid ammonia using sodium metal. This is a particular reaction that leads in the creation of trans alkene. Alkynes are hydrocarbons with triple carbon-carbon bonds. For molecules with a single triple bond, their typical formula is CnH2n-2 (and no rings).
A number of the same reactions occur in alkynes as in alkenes, but they can react twice due to the existence of two p-bonds inside the triple bond. When sodium dissolves into liquid ammonia (boiling point -33 °C), it turns a vivid blue. When there are alkynes present, they have reduced to a trans (i.e. E) alkene.
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Draw a structural formula for the major organic product of the reaction shown below. CH3 - I + 2 CuLi - Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes. - Do not show stereochemistry in other cases - You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. - Do not include organocopper or inorganic ion by-products in your answer. Draw a structural formula for the major organic product of the reaction shown below
CH3(CH2)eCH2Br + 2 CuLi - Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes. - Do not show stereochemistry in other cases - You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. - Do not include organocopper or inorganic ion by-products in your answer.
The organocopper and inorganic ion by-products are not shown in this structural formula.
CH3CH=CH2Li
1. The reaction starts with CH3CH2CH2Br, which is a bromoalkane.
2. The bromine atom is replaced by a lithium atom with the help of two equivalents of copper.
3. The resulting product is CH3CH=CH2Li, which is an alkenyllithium compound.
CH3CH=CH2Li
The reaction starts with CH3CH2CH2Br, a bromoalkane. The bromine atom is replaced by a lithium atom with the help of two equivalents of copper. This is done via a nucleophilic substitution reaction, where the copper serves as a Lewis acid to facilitate the reaction. The resulting product is CH3CH=CH2Li, an alkenyllithium compound. This is the major organic product of the reaction and it has an E/Z stereochemistry. The organocopper and inorganic ion by-products are not shown in this structural formula.
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consider the following organic compounds ;propene butane ethanol and ethyne. which of these is an isomer of methyl propane.
In a lifetime, the average American uses more than a half ton (500 kg) of copper in coins, plumbing, and wiring. Copper is obtained from sulfide ores, such as chalcocite [copper(I) sulfide] by a multistep process. After initial grinding, the ore is "roasted" (heated strongly with oxygen gas) to form powdered copper(I) oxide and gaseous sulfur dioxide. How many moles of oxygen are required to roast 10. 0 mol of copper(I) sulfide?
The required moles of oxygen is 10.0 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] (Oxygen) is required to roast 10.0 mol of CuS (copper(I) sulfide).
Because the Sulphur absorbs the impurities as fumes and reacts with the remaining ore to produce Copper metal by auto-reduction, the ore is partially roasted.
[tex]Cu_2S.Fe_2S_3+O_2→Cu_2S+2FeS+SO_2[/tex]
[tex]Cu_2S+3O_2→Cu_2O+2SO_2[/tex]
Sulfide ore is heated by a heat source in the presence of air during the roasting process. The ore or ore concentrate is treated with very well-liked air during roasting. This method is frequently used when processing sulfide ores. The sulfide that is present during roasting is changed into oxide and emitted as sulfur dioxide, a gas.
Roasting's primary purposes are to eliminate volatile impurities and oxidize the ore by turning it into oxide.
A significant copper resource is COPPER-PYRITES, often known as chalcopyrite, which is a copper iron sulfide (CuFeS2).
To roast 10.0 mol of copper(I) sulfide (CuS), the balanced equation is CuS + O2 → CuO + SO2.
For every mole of CuS that reacts, one mole of O2 is consumed. Therefore, 10.0 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] is required to roast 10.0 mol of CuS.
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How many mole is 1g?
One gram of a chemical is equivalent to one mole.
A physical characteristic called the molar mass is calculated by dividing the mass of a given substance by the substance's volume. The standard relative atomic mass of an element is multiplied by the molar mass constant, 1 × 10⁻³ kg/mol = 1 g/mol, to determine the molar mass of its atoms. A compound's molar mass is calculated by adding the standard atomic weights of the constituent atoms and multiplying the result by the molar mass constant.
One atom or molecule has the same mass in grams as one mole of a substance does in atomic mass units.
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What do these two changes have in common?
an engine using gasoline to power a car
cellular respiration
Select all that apply.
Both are only physical changes
Both converse mass
Both are chemical changes
Both are caused by heating
Answer: Both are only physical changes
Both converse mass
Explanation: the first two ones r correct
Draw the structure of maleic acid ((Z)-but-2-enedioic acid).
The structure of maleic acid is H2C=CH2 with a double bond between two hydrogen atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms in the three carbon chain.
H3C-C=C-COOH
\ /
H2C=CH2
1. Draw a three carbon chain with a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms
H3C-C=C-COOH
2. Add two hydrogen atoms to the second carbon atom
H3C-C=CH2-COOH
3. Draw a double bond between the two hydrogen atoms
H2C=CH2-COOH
H2C=CH2
\ /
H3C-C=C-COOH
The structure of maleic acid is H2C=CH2 with a double bond between two hydrogen atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms in the three carbon chain.
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the efficiency of the turbines and generators is 80%
calculate the useful output energy transfer from the hydroelectric power station in 1 minute
use your answer to part (b)
3. A student placed artificial cells, each containing a 25% sugar solution, into three different beakers containing sugar solution which varied in concentration from 0% to 25%. The setups are shown below. The student collected data on the mass of each artificial cell. The student predicted that the cell in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours. Would his prediction be correct? Support your answer.
The student collected data on the mass of each artificial cell. The student predicted that the cell in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours. The student's prediction would be correct.
Why would the prediction of the experiment be correct?The artificial cell placed in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would likely have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours because of osmosis.
Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration. In this case, the artificial cell has a semi-permeable membrane that allows water to pass through, but not sugar.
The 25% sugar solution in the beaker is less concentrated than the sugar solution inside the artificial cell, so water will move from the beaker into the cell, causing the cell to swell and increase in mass.
On the other hand, the artificial cells in the beakers with 0% and 12.5% sugar solutions will have less of a change in mass as the solution outside of the cell is more concentrated than inside the cell.
Therefore, the correct answer is as given above
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what chemical is 60% of your food made up of? what 3 elements make up this chemical?
Carbohydrates, is 60% of what your food made up of and it is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
What are carbohydrates?Carbohydrates are known to be the group of organic compounds that are an important source of energy for the body. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and are classified as simple or complex depending on their chemical structure. Monosaccharides, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose, and are found in foods such as fruit, table sugar, and honey. Complex carbohydrates, also called polysaccharides, contain starches and fibers and are found in foods such as grains, legumes, and vegetables. Carbohydrates play an important role in providing energy for the body, maintaining proper brain and nervous system function, and supporting tissue growth and repair.
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in an experiment a piece of magnesium ribbon was cleaned with steel wool 2.4g of the clean ribbon was placed in a crucible and completely... In an experiment a piece of magnesium ribbon was cleaned with steel wool 2.4g of the clean ribbon was placed in a crucible and completely burnt in oxygen.after cooling the product weighted 4.0g. (a)explain why it was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon? (b)what observation was made in the crucible after burning? (c)why was there an increase in mass? (d)write the equation for reaction which took place in the crucible? (e)the product in the crucible was shaken with water and filtered.
(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon in order to remove any impurities or contaminants that might be present on the surface of the ribbon. These impurities could interfere with the burning process or alter the final products of the reaction.
(b) After burning, it is likely that an ash or residue was observed in the crucible.
(c) The increase in mass may be due to the production of new products during the burning process. These products may include magnesium oxide, which is a white solid, or other compounds formed through the reaction of magnesium with oxygen.
(d) The equation for the reaction that took place in the crucible is:
2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
(e) When the product in the crucible is shaken with water, it is likely that any soluble products, such as magnesium hydroxide, will dissolve in the water. The remaining solid material can then be filtered out, leaving a solution containing the dissolved products.
The magnesium ribbon was cleaned to remove any impurities that could affect the reaction. After burning magnesium in oxygen, the resulting product is magnesium oxide, and the mass increases because the magnesium combines with the oxygen. The reaction equation is 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO.
Explanation:(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon with steel wool to remove any surface oxidation or impurities that could affect the reaction.
(b) After burning, an observation that could be made in the crucible would be a white ash-like substance, which is magnesium oxide.
(c) There was an increase in mass because when magnesium reacts with oxygen, it gains mass as it combines with the oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
(d) The equation for the reaction is: 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
(e) When the product in the crucible was shaken with water and filtered, this procedure would typically be used to isolate the product from any remaining unreacted magnesium or other reaction by-products.
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Why does fluorine react with xenon but iodine does not?
Fluorine reacts with xenon but iodine doesn't because fluorine is highly electronegative, it can pull electrons from xenon which is a noble gas and rarely reactive. On the other hand, iodine has low electronegativity and is least reactivity, so doesn't react with xenon.
Fluorine and iodine belongs to the family of halogens with the general electronic configuration ns²np⁵ . So, they have the tendency to attract electrons in their valence shell. Xenon, on the other hand is a noble gas with a stable electronic configuration ns²np⁶.
In family of halogens, Fluorine has the highest electronegativity and iodine has the least due to increase in its size. So, more electronegative fluorine has the tendency to form compounds with xenon whereas both iodine and xenon being less reactive cannot form a bond together.
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What is the total reduction potential of a cell in which sodium (Na) is reduced and zinc (Zn) is oxidized
The total reduction potential of a cell in which sodium (Na) is reduced and zinc (Zn) is oxidized -1.95 V.
The tendency of a chemical species is to be reduced, expressed in volts under normal conditions, is known as the standard reduction potential.
The standard reduction potential belongs to the group of potentials known as standard electrodes or standard cells. The difference in voltage between the cathode and anode is known as the standard cell potential. The standard sodium reduction potential is -2.71V. Zinc has an average reduction potential of -0.76 V. Therefore, the overall reduction potential is 1.95 V.
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Fe(OH)3
⎯⎯→
Fe2O3
⎯⎯→
Fe
⎯⎯→
FeCl2
⎯⎯→
Fe(OH)2
Answer:
decomposition reaction
how does the pitcher plant use chemical reactions
Answer: Pitcher plant have adapted themselves to live in poor nutriet soil As they are carnivorous and feed on the insects is the major adptation for them as they does not have proper nutrients,availabilty for the growth.
Explanation:
How do you measure distance?
We measure distance by using a ruler to measure the distance between the two places.
Distance is defined as the amount of the space between the two place or the things.
Short distances can be measured in centimeters (cm), and the long distances may be measured in kilometers (km). SI unit of the distance is meter (m). Distance is the length of the route between the two points. For example: Distance of a race; it is the length of the track between the starting line and the finishing line.
Maps can also be used to measure the distance. The name of the scale is map's bar scale.
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Help would be GREATLY appreciated!!
54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation. 136 grams of Al2O3 form from 64.0 g O2.
What is molar mass ?The term molar mass is defined as the the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance of any sample of that compound. The molar mass is denoted by the symbol "M".
M = m / n
Molar Mass of O₂ is 32 g/mol
Molar Mass is Al₂O₃ is 102 g/mol
4 Al + 3 O₂ ⇒ 2 Al₂O₃
64.0 g O₂ 1 mole 2 moles Al₂O₃ 102 g
----------------- x -------------- x ------------------------ x -------------
32 g 3 moles O₂ 1 mole
= 136 g Al₂O₃
Thus,54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation. 136 grams of Al2O3 form from 64.0 g O2.
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The fluid-filled interior compartment of the thylakoid network is referred to as the:
A. cytoplasm.
B. intermembrane space.
C. lumen.
D. grana.
E. stroma.
The fluid-filled interior compartment of the thylakoid network is referred to as the: Lumen
The thylakoid lumen is an aqueous phase that is continuously enclosed by the thylakoid membrane. It is essential for photophosphorylation during photosynthetic activity. Protons are hyped across the thylakoids into the lumen during the light-dependent reaction, making it acidic down to pH 4. The lumen in the chloroplast is referred to as the stroma. The stroma is the whitish fluid that surrounds the grana (thylakoids stacks) within the chloroplast. A lumen is the chloroplast membrane that surrounds space. Light energy is captured by photosystems found in thylakoid membranes. The thylakoid membrane contains enzymes required for photosynthesis's light-dependent reactions. Hydrogen ions are pumped into the thylakoid space, or lumen, during these reactions.The thylakoid space has an acidic pH due to the high concentration of hydrogen ions.
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What mass of HCI is needed to
generate 45.2 g of AICI3?
2AI + 6HCI → 2AICI3 + 3H2
AICI3: 133.33 g/mol
HCI: 36.46 g/mol
[?] g AlCl3
When using a dangerous chemical such as glutaraldehyde, what would the CDC recommend for reducing the risk of illness
Chemical: Wear the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and an apron or lab coat.
What is chemical?Chemistry is the scientific study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially at the atomic and molecular levels.
Use the chemical in a well-ventilated area.
Follow safety instructions and product labeling instructions precisely.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists of the chemical.
Immediately wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water after contact with the chemical.
Store the chemical in a secure location away from food, drink, and other materials.
Dispose of the chemical properly.
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which type of reaction is represented by the generic equation AB+CD --->AD+CB?
combustion
decomposition
single replacement
double replacement
Answer:
4. Double replacement
Explanation:
The generic equation shows that two compounds are being swapped, which is an indication of a double substitution reaction.
Correct answer double replacement.
So the correct answer is D) Double replacement.
What determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem?
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to ecosystem. Therefore, the maximum number of species that a system can safely support determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem.
What is ecosystem?An ecosystem is the fundamental fundamental unit of such an environment where living and nonliving creatures interact with one another, both of which are essential for the continuation of life on Earth.
The maximum number of species that a system can safely support is known as carrying capacity. The ability of an ecosystem to replenish the food, water, environment, or other essentials that populations have to thrive are just a few examples of the numerous variables that may affect an ecosystem's carrying capacity of a specific species.
Therefore, the maximum number of species that a system can safely support determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem.
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Fill in the blank.
When using a graduated cylinder you must look at ________ of the liquid when taking readings.
When using a graduated cylinder you must look at Meniscus of the liquid when taking readings.
How to Read a Graduated Cylinder?The surface at the center of the meniscus, not the top of the ring of liquid clinging to the graduated cylinder's wall, must be read in order to read a graduated cylinder correctly. This "center" will be the meniscus's lowest point for the majority of liquids. The center of the meniscus will be the highest point of the liquid for a very small number of liquids, such as mercury. Your line of sight must be level with the meniscus's center of curvature in order to interpret it correctly.
Reading a graded cylinder is a matter of paying close attention to the details once the measurement interval has been established and the meniscus has been assessed. Read the numbered line below while keeping your eyes level with the meniscus's middle and looking straight down.
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How do you know if an element is reactive or not?
The reactivity of an element depends upon the number of valence electrons, i.e., the electrons present in the outermost shell.
The number of electrons withinside the outermost shell of an atom determines its reactivity. Noble gases have low reactivity due to the fact they've complete electron shells. Halogens are extraordinarily reactive due to the fact they with ease advantage an electron to fill their outermost shell. Non-reactive metal atoms have whole outer shells and therefore do now no longer generally tend to lose, advantage, or percentage electrons. So, all factors having a crammed outermost shell are non-reactive. They also are referred to as noble gases. An element's reactivity is decided via way of means of the number of protons determined in an atom of the element.
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