How to convert butanoic acid to propanamide?​

The equation of the neutralization reaction is:

HOC(CO₂H)(CH₂CO₂H)₂ + Na₂CO₃ ----> HOC(CO₂Na)(CH₂CO₂Na)₂ + H₂O

The main acid in lemon juice is citric acid.

Citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid and will react with baking soda to form a salt and water.

The equation of the neutralization reaction is shown below:

HOC(CO₂H)(CH₂CO₂H)₂ + Na₂CO₃ ----> HOC(CO₂Na)(CH₂CO₂Na)₂ + H₂O

In conclusion, the neutralization of citric acid in lemon juice produces a salt and water.

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Carbon monoxide and chlorine gas react to form phosgene. If a reaction mixture initially contains 215 torr of CO and 245 torr of Cl₂. 0.76 is the mole fraction of COCl₂ when equilibrium is reached.

CO(g) + Cl₂ (g) → COCl₂ (g)           Kp = 310

With this reaction we can write the Kp expression

[tex]K_{p} = \frac{p_{COCl_2}}{p_{CO} \times p_{Cl_2}}[/tex]

We know that 1 atm = 760 torr

Now

[tex]p_{CO} = \frac{215 \times 1}{760}[/tex]

       = 0.28 atm

[tex]p_{Cl_2} = \frac{245 \times 1}{760}[/tex]

        = 0.32 atm

Now, we can write an ICE chart with pressures, so we can know the pressure of COCl₂.

        CO(g) + Cl₂ (g) → COCl₂ (g)           Kp = 310

I:        0.28     0.32          0

C:         -x         -x             +x
E:    0.28 - x  0.32 - x       x

Now put the value in Kp expression

[tex]K_{p} = \frac{p_{COCl_2}}{p_{CO} \times p_{Cl_2}}[/tex]

[tex]310 = \frac{x}{(0.28 - x) (0.32 - x)}[/tex]

[tex]310 = \frac{x}{0.0896 - 0.28x - 0.32x + x^2}[/tex]

310 (0.0896 - 0.28x - 0.32x + x²) = x

310 (0.0896 - 0.6 x + x²)  = x

27.776 - 186 x + 310 x² = x

310 x² -187 x + 27.776 = 0

By using the quadratic equation find the value of x:

[tex]x = \frac{b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}[/tex]

  [tex]= \frac{187 \pm \sqrt{(187)^2 - 4 \times 310 \times 27.776}}{2 \times 310}[/tex]

  [tex]= \frac{187 \pm \sqrt{34969 - 34,442.24}}{620}[/tex]

  [tex]= \frac{187 \pm \sqrt{526.76}}{620}[/tex]

  [tex]= \frac{187 \pm 22.95}{620}[/tex]

  [tex]= \frac{187 + 22.95}{620}\ \text{or}\ \frac{187 - 22.95}{620}[/tex]

  [tex]= \frac{209.95}{620}\ \text{or}\ \frac{164.05}{620}[/tex]

  [tex]= 0.33\ \text{or}\ 0.26[/tex]

Using the lowest value of x, we have that the partial pressure of COCl₂ would be 0.26 atm.

PpCO = 0.28 - x = 0.28 - 0.26 = 0.02

PpCl₂ = 0.32 - x = 0.32 - 0.26 = 0.06

[tex]X_{COCl_2} = \frac{P_{COCl_2}}{Pt}[/tex]

And Pt is the total pressure of all species in reaction so:

Pt = 0.02 + 0.06 + 0.26 =

    = 0.34 atm

The mole fraction:

[tex]X_{COCl_2} = \frac{0.26}{0.34}[/tex]

             = 0.76

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Carbon monoxide and chlorine gas react to form phosgene. If a reaction mixture initially contains 215 torr of CO and 245 torr of Cl₂. 0.76 is the mole fraction of COCl₂ when equilibrium is reached.

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The molecular polarity of the sun is the dipoole separation of electric charge leading to a molecule in the sun.

Molecular polarity simply refers to those regions of molecules containing or possessing positive and negative charge

So therefore, the molecular polarity of the sun is the separation of electric charge leading to a molecule in the sun.

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Answer:

0.0387 moles SF₆

Explanation:

To find the moles of sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), you need to multiply the number of molecules by Avogadro's number. Avogadro's number is a ratio between molecules and moles. It is important to arrange the conversion in a way that allows for the cancellation of units (the desired unit should be in the numerator). The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value (2.33 x 10²²).

Avogadro's Number:

6.022 x 10²³ molecules = 1 mole

2.33 x 10²² molecules SF₆                    1 mole
---------------------------------------  x  ------------------------------------  =  0.0387 moles SF₆
                                                    6.022 x 10²³ molecules

The mass of NaHCO₃ required to produce 1.76 g of CO₂ is 3.36 g

NaHCO₃ + HA --> NaA + CO₂ + H₂O

Molar mass of NaHCO₃ = 84 g/mol

Mass of NaHCO₃ from the balanced equation = 1 × 84 = 84 g

Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol

Mass of CO₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 44 = 44 g

SUMMARY

From the balanced equation above,

44 g of CO₂ were produced from 84 g of NaHCO₃

From the balanced equation above,

44 g of CO₂ were produced from 84 g of NaHCO₃

Therefore,

1.76 g of CO₂ will be produced from = (1.76 × 84) / 44 = 3.36 g of NaHCO₃

Thus, 3.36 g of NaHCO₃ is needed for the reaction

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Answer: 1413.39 inches

Explanation:

Formula for converting meters to inches

Meters x 39.37 (roughly) = Value in inches

Applying formula

35.9 meters x 39.37 = 1413.39 inches (roughly)

From the first law of thermodynamics, the work done is -36 J.

We are told that the gas is expanding hence it does work while heat is absorbed from the surroundings. This implies that q is positive while w is negative.

Hence;

U = q - w

w = q - U

w =  89J - 125J

w = -36 J

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The volume of 2.0 mol/L cobalt(II) chloride solution required for the reaction is 187.5 mL

Mole = molarity × volume

Mole of Na₂CO₃ = 1.5 × 0.25

Mole of Na₂CO₃ = 0.375 mole

Balanced equation

CoCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ -> CoCO₃ + 2NaCl

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of Na₂CO₃ reacted with 1 mole of CoCl₂.

Therefore,

0.375 mole of Na₂CO₃ will also react with 0.375 mole of CoCl₂.

Volume = mole / molarity

Volume of CoCl₂ = 0.375 / 2

Volume of CoCl₂ = 0.1875 L

Multiply by 1000 to express in mL

Volume of CoCl₂ = 0.1875 × 1000

Volume of CoCl₂ = 187.5 mL

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Answer:

3.88kg

Explanation:

weight=mass_of_body(m) x acceleration_due_to_gravity(g)

The weight is given and acceleration is also give

For mass divide the weight by acceleration.

The molality of the lithium ions is calculated as 0.906 m

Given that the compound is written as Li₃PO₄, the dissociation of the compound is given by the  equation;

Li₃PO₄ -----> 3Li^+ + PO₄^3-

Since there are three mole of lithium ions in the compound, it the follows that the molality of the lithium ions is;

3 * 0.302 m = 0.906 m

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The correct answer to the problem is 0.193 which is three significant figures.

The term significant figures has to do with the figures that have a mathematical meaning. We know that the result has to correspond to the highest number of significant figures.

Hence, If we multiply 0.34 x 0.568 the result ought to be recorded as 0.193 which is three significant figures.

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Answer:

The uncertainty principle says this view is only a guess, a snapshot of what the electrons around the nucleus could possibly look like. Specifically, the uncertainty principle says that we cannot know the exact location and speed of the electrons. Therefore, the planetary-like arrangement of the electrons around the nucleus is rarely ever assumed.

The rate of percolation of water into the soil will be 0.125 mL per second

The rate of percolation of water into the soil is determined by the volume of water that enters the soil per unit of time under specific conditions.

In this case, 750 mL of water percolated in 100 minutes.

100 minutes = 100 x 60 = 6,000 seconds

Percolation rate = 750/6000 = 0.125 mL per second

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This will give the value of 7.9311m2

( 5.57m / 0.63m ) - ( 1.11m * 0.82m )

=  8.8413 - ( 1.11m * 0.82m )

= 8.8413 - 0.9102m2

= 7.9311m2

Dividing a value in meter by another value in meter results in the cancellation of both the units and the resulting answer will have no unit.

Multiplying a value in meter by another value in meter it will result in the square meters. It can be written as m2 and can be read a meter square.

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Answer:

Radiation

Explanation:

Answer:

B.) The molecule is a branched hydrocarbon.

Explanation:

A hydrocarbon is any molecule made up of carbon and hydrogen exclusively. A methyl- prefix denotes the presence of a methyl group (CH₃), which is situated as a branch off of a hydrocarbon carbon.

Answer:

Mg₂P₂O₇ · 3 H₂O

Explanation:

(Step 1)

First, you need to convert each mass to moles via the molar masses of each element/compound.

Molar Mass (Mg): 24.305 g/mol

4.86 grams Mg              1 mole
------------------------  x  ------------------------  = 0.200 moles Mg
                                   24.305 grams

Molar Mass (P): 30.974 g/mol

6.20 grams P              1 mole
---------------------  x  ------------------------  =  0.200 moles P
                                30.974 grams

Molar Mass (O): 15.998 g/mol

11.20 grams O               1 mole
-----------------------  x  -----------------------  =  0.700 moles O
                                  15.998 grams

Molar Mass (H₂O): 2(1.008 g/mol) + 15.998 g/mol

Molar Mass (H₂O): 18.014 g/mol

5.40 grams H₂O               1 mole
--------------------------  x  -----------------------  =  0.300 moles H₂O
                                     18.014 grams

(Step 2)

To find the amount of each element/compound in the formula, you need to divide each molar value by the smallest molar value. This allows you to determine the accurate molar ratio the hydrated salt should have. In this case, 0.200 moles is the smallest value.

0.200 moles Mg / 0.200  =  1 mole Mg

0.200 moles P / 0.200  =  1 mole P

0.700 moles O / 0.200  =  3.5 moles O

0.300 moles H₂O / 0.200  =  1.5 moles H₂O

There can only be whole number amounts of each element/compound in the formula. Therefore, you need to multiply each amount by 2.

1 mole Mg x 2 = 2 moles Mg

1 mole P x 2 = 2 moles P

3.5 moles O x 2 = 7 moles O

1.5 moles H₂O x 2 = 3 moles H₂O

(Step 3)

Now that we know the amount of each element/compound, we can build the formula. The amount of each element is represented by subscripts and the amount of each compound (H₂O) is represented by coefficients.

Mg₂P₂O₇ · 3 H₂O

9.82 mL is the volume of 32% HCl required to make about 1 N HCl in 100ml volumetric flask.

N₁V₁ = N₂V₂

where,

N₁ = Normality of solution with known concentration

V₁ = Volume of solution with known concentration

N₂ = Normality of solution with unknown concentration

V₂ = Volume of solution with unknown concentration

Now find the mass of solution

Mass = Density × Volume

         = 1.16 × 0.32 × 1000

         = 371.52 g

Normality = [tex]\frac{\text{Weight}}{\text{Equivalent weight}}[/tex]

                = [tex]\frac{371.52\ g}{36.5}[/tex]

                = 10.18 equivalents

Now put the values in above formula we get  

N₁V₁ = N₂V₂

1 × 100 = 10.18 × V₂

100 = 10.18 × V₂

[tex]V_{2} = \frac{100}{10.18}[/tex]

    = 9.82 mL

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that 9.82 mL is the volume of 32% HCl required to make about 1 N HCl in 100ml volumetric flask.

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If C3H8O is dissolved in water, it would be expected to be a strong electrolyte.

A strong electrolyte is a solute or solution (already an electrolyte) that can completely dissociates in solution.

C3H8O is one of those compounds expected to be a strong electrolyte.

Thus, if C3H8O is dissolved in water, it would be expected to be a strong electrolyte.

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700 L of water was produced if 350.0 L of carbon dioxide were made at STP.

The quantitative relationship (ratio) between reactants and products in a chemical reaction that produces gases is known as gas stoichiometry. When the created gases are presumed to be ideal and their temperature, pressure, and volume are all known, gas stoichiometry is applicable.

The ideal gas equation is PV=nRT, where n is the number of moles and R is the gas constant, P is the pressure measured in atmospheres (atm), V is the volume measured in liters (L), and

Calculations based on stoichiometry assist scientists and engineers who work in the business world in estimating the number of items they will make using a particular process. They can also assist in determining if a product will be economical to produce.

Reduced growth, reproduction, and survivability for the consumer are typically the results of a significant stoichiometric imbalance between the primary producer and consumer.

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The volume of 0.555M KNO3 solution would contain 12.5 g of solute iss 223 mL.

The mass of solute in a given volume of solution is related by the formula below:

Therefore, volume of solution is given by:

Volume = Mass /molarity * molar mass

Molar mass of KNO₃ = 101 g/mol

Volume = 12.5/(0.555 * 101)

Volume = 0.223 L or 223 mL

In conclusion, the volume of the solution is obtained from the molarity of solution as well as mass and molar mass of solute.

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Phenolphthalein is pink in acid and colorles in base.

Substances called indicators are those whose solutions change colour as the pH changes. We refer to these as acid-base indicators. The conjugate base or acid versions of these typically weak acids or bases have various hues because of variations in their absorption spectra. When it comes into contact with an object that has a pH of 8.2, it turns pink. At a pH higher than that, it turns purple.

Additionally, ionisation, which modifies the charge and structure of the phenolphthalein molecule, is the cause of this shift in colour. If it comes into contact with an acid like vinegar or a neutral substance like water, it retains its colorlessness.

Therefore, Phenolphthalein is pink in acid and colorles in base.

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Evolution can not be tested by experiment given that it depends largely on observations that fit into a wider scope and point to a common conclusion.

Science is know to be empirical, In science, the evidence that backs up a claim is what establishes it as true or false. Thus all theories must be tested by experiment.

However, the theory of evolution can not be tested by experiment given that it depends largely on observations that fit into a wider scope and point to a common conclusion. In other words, evolution lies “outside of empirical science”.

The fact that it can not be directly proven empirically does not necessarily make it out to be false. That was the conclusion of Paul Ehrlich in his 1967 article.

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C10H22 is a compound which is the most soluble in CC14 because both are non-polar in nature.

We know that like dissolve like which means that polar solutes only  dissolve in polar solvent while on the other hand, non-polar solutes only dissolve in non-polar solvent.

So we can conclude that C10H22 is a compound which is the most soluble in CC14 because both are non-polar in nature.

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Answer:

Nuclear fuel has a higher energy density than fossil fuel

The equation for carbon-14 emission by Radium-223 nuclei is given below:

[tex]^{223}_{88}Ra \rightarrow\: ^{209}_{82}Pb + \:^{14}_{6}C[/tex]

Radioactivity is the spontaneous decay of a substance with emission of radiation.

The equation for carbon-14 emission by Radium-223 nuclei is given below:

[tex]^{223}_{88}Ra \rightarrow\: ^{209}_{82}Pb + \:^{14}_{6}C[/tex]

In conclusion, the emission of carbon-14 by Radium-223 nuclei produces Lead-209 nuclei.

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The reaction H₂SO₄ + Ca ⇒ CaSO₄ + H₂ is a Single Replacement reaction because Ca replaces H in H₂SO₄.

It is a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as distinct from a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.

Let's consider the following reaction.

H₂SO₄ + Ca ⇒ CaSO₄ + H₂

What kind of reaction is this?

The reaction H₂SO₄ + Ca ⇒ CaSO₄ + H₂ is a Single Replacement reaction because Ca replaces H in H₂SO₄.

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In the case the relative strength of the two forces C and D is that D represents a ion-dipole forces, which are known to be very much stronger than the force that is said to be represented by C.

A concept map is known to be a kind of a special type of a web diagram that is often used in the exploration of knowledge and gathering and also in sharing of information.

Note that Concept mapping is a strategy used in creating the idea of a map as it is made up of  a visual depiction of ideas, theories, and others.

Note that Intermolecular forces are known to be those forces that are said to be attractive and also a kind of a repulsive forces that is seen between the molecules of a substance.

Looking at the image attached, In regards to the relative strength of the two forces C and D. The fact is that D stands for ion-dipole forces, which are known to be very much stronger than the force that is said to be represented by C.

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Earth's rotation, gravity, and mantle dynamics play greater role in reshaping the land of continents and Islands.

Earth's rotation, gravity, and mantle dynamics are the forces that play a significant role in influencing the size, shape, and positioning of the different landmasses of our continents and islands. These forces are responsible for the change in shape of land masses with the passage of time.

So we can conclude that Earth's rotation, gravity, and mantle dynamics play greater role in reshaping the land of continents and Islands.

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Describes the movement of the plates across the Earth's lithosphere?