(These are multiple choice questions)
1) The magnitude of the charge of five electrons is
A. 1.0×10-19 C.
B. 1.6×10-19 C.
C. 6.0×10-19 C.
D. 8.0×10-19 C.
2) Total resistance (in ohms-Ω) between the points A and B of the following circuit is
A. 70 Ω
B. 30 Ω
C. 25 Ω
D. 20 Ω
3) Given the electron configuration of a neutral atom 1s22s22p63s23p5. The atom
A. can become a negative ion easily.
B. is a halogen.
C. has 7 electrons in the outer most shell.
D. all of the above.
4) Identify the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom of
A. 136 protons, 92 neutrons and 92 electrons
B. 92 protons, 136 neutrons and 92 electrons
C. 92 protons, 138 neutrons and 92 electrons
D. 230 protons, 92 neutrons and 92 electrons
5)Which of the following is not an application of Total Internal Reflection?
A. mirage
B. optical fiber
C. prismatic binocular
D. hologram
Answers
The application of total Internal Reflection occurs in a mirage. Option A
What is the charge?1) We know that a charge can be positive or negative. If the charge is negative, we call it an electron. If the charge is positive, we call it a proton. Now we know that the magnitude of charge on each electron is 1.6×10-19 C. Hence, the magnitude of charge on five electrons = 5 * 1.6×10-19 C = 8.0×10-19 C. Option D
2) The details of question 2 are not shown hence the question can not be answered.
3) Looking at the electronic configuration of the element; 1s22s22p63s23p5, it is clear to see that it has the ns2 np5 outermost configuration that is common to halogens thus it;
can become a negative ion easily. is a halogen.has 7 electrons in the outer most shell.4) The atom is composed of the protons, neutrons and electrons. Given the nuclide identified as 230/92U we have 92 protons, 138 neutrons and 92 electrons. Option C
5) The application of total Internal Reflection occurs in a mirage. Option A
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Related Questions
The planet Mars requires 1.96 years to orbit
the sun, which has a mass of 1.989 × 10^30 kg, in an almost circular trajectory. Find the radius of the orbit of Mars as it
circles the sun. The gravitational constant is 6.672 × 10^-¹¹ Nm²/kg². Answer in units of m.
Answers
According to the question: the radius of the orbit of Mars is 3.86 × 10^11 m.
What is the Mars?
The radius of the orbit of Mars can be found using the equation for the centripetal force:
F = mv²/r
where F is the centripetal force, m is the mass of the object, v is its velocity, and r is the radius of the orbit.
We can rearrange the equation to solve for r:
r = mv²/F
We know the mass of the sun (1.989 × 10^30 kg) and the gravitational constant (6.672 × 10^-¹¹ Nm²/kg²). We also know that the period of the orbit of Mars is 1.96 years. Since the period (T) and the angular velocity (ω) are related by the equation:
ω = 2π/T
we can calculate the angular velocity of Mars:
ω = (2π)/(1.96 years) = 3.24 × 10^-7 rad/s
Finally, we need to calculate the velocity of Mars, which is related to its angular velocity by the equation:
v = ωr
We can solve for v by substituting the equation for angular velocity and the radius of the orbit of Mars:
v = (3.24 × 10^-7 rad/s)(r)
Now, we can substitute the values for m, v, and F from the equation for centripetal force to solve for r:
r = (1.989 × 10^30 kg)(3.24 × 10^-7 rad/s)²/ (6.672 × 10^-¹¹ Nm²/kg²)
r = 3.86 × 10^11 m
Therefore, the radius of the orbit of Mars is 3.86 × 10^11 m.
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Calculate the critical angle for glass materials of refractive index 1.60
Answers
The critical angle for glass materials with a refractive index 1.60 is 38.7°.
What is the critical angle of a refractive material?The critical angle in optics is the incidence angle at which the refraction angle is 90 degrees.
It is possible to calculate the link between the critical angle and the refractive index since the critical angle is inversely proportional to the refractive index.
Refractive index = 1/sin C
where C is the critical angle
Hence, C = sin⁻¹(1/refractive index)
For the glass material, C = sin⁻¹(1/1.60)
C = 38.7°
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In abnormal psychology, which option below best describes "deviant?" *
O
Thoughts and behavior that are different from most of the rest of your cultural
context
A subjective feeling that something is really wrong
When a person's ability to work and live is clearly, often measurably impaired
OA surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull.
Answers
Thoughts and behavior that are different from most of the rest of your cultural context.
What is meant by cultural ?
The term "culture" is a general one that refers to social behaviour, institutions, and norms present in human societies as well as the people that make up these groups as well as their knowledge, beliefs, and abilities.The diversity of cultures found in different communities is evidence that humans acquire culture through the learning processes of enculturation and socialisation.A cultural norm is a set of guidelines for behaviour, attire, language, and manner in a scenario that serves as a model for expectations within a social group. It codifies acceptable behaviour in society.Just as a single species might wither in the face of environmental change due to a lack of functional responses, accepting a monoculture in a social group has hazards.To learn more about cultural refer to
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The type of EM radiation that has a wavelength just a bit shorter than that of visible light is
ultraviolet
infrared
x-ray
microwave
gamma-ray
Answers
The type of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength just a bit shorter than that of visible light is ultraviolet (option A).
What is electromagnet radiation?Electromagnetic radiation is the radiation (quantized as photons) consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields oriented perpendicularly to each other, moving through space.
These radiation are all encompassed collectively as the electromagnetic spectrum, which is the entire range of wavelengths of all known electromagnetic radiations extending from gamma rays, to X-rays through visible light, infrared, to radio waves.
The components of the EM spectrum and their respective wavelength are as follows:
gamma-rays < 10-¹² mx-rays: 1 nm - 1 pmultraviolet : 400 nm - 1 nmvisible : 750 nm - 400 nmnear-infrared: 2.5 μm - 750 nminfrared: 25 μm - 2.5 μmmicrowave: 1 mm - 25 μmradio waves : > 1 mmTherefore, ultraviolet radiation is the component of EM spectrum that has a bit shorter wavelength than visible light.
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Two positive point charges q are located on the y-axis at y= +/- 1/2s . Find an expression for the potential along the x-axis.
Answers
The Potential along x - axis is [tex]V(x) =\frac{ 4kq }{\sqrt{4x^{2} + s^{2} } }[/tex].
Work is done when electrons move through the component. A portion of the electrons' energy is transmitted to the component. This results in an electrical potential differential, or difference in energy across the component.
The external effort required to move a charge in an electric field from one position to another is known as an electric potential difference, or voltage.
By symmetry, the potential produced by the two charges will be twice that of the single charge. The potential at a distance of
[tex]d = \sqrt{x^{2} +(\frac{s}{2}) ^{2} } \\= \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{4x^{2}+s^{2} }[/tex]
will be the potential as a function of the x-coordinate.
The potential is therefore predicted to be
[tex]V(x) = 2k \frac{q}{d}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]2k \frac{q}{\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4x^{2} +s^{2} } }[/tex]
⇒ [tex]V(x) =\frac{ 4kq }{\sqrt{4x^{2} + s^{2} } }[/tex]
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george does 18 j of work to list of 1 kg box at a constant speed. if he drops it, how fast in the box be going when it hits the ground?
Answers
The box will be going at a speed of 9 m/s when it hits the ground. This is calculated by dividing the work done (18 joules) by the mass of the box (1 kg).
What is mass?
Mass is a fundamental property of all matter, and is usually measured in kilograms (kg). Mass is not affected by gravity, whereas weight is. Mass is related to the inertia of an object, meaning the resistance of an object to changes in its speed or direction of motion. Mass can be conserved, meaning that the total amount of mass in a system remains constant, even if it is transferred from one object to another. Mass is a useful measure for describing the amount of matter in a system, and it is an important concept in physics and chemistry. Mass is also related to energy, since matter and energy are interchangeable. The total amount of energy in a system is equal to the mass of the system multiplied by the speed of light squared. Mass also plays an important role in understanding the behavior of particles, atoms, and molecules.
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A fan at a football game drops popcorn from the top of the stadium bleachers. If the
popcorn being dropped has a mass of 0.4 kg, and the height from the floor to the top of
the bleacher is 15 m, what would have been the change of PE of the popcorn?
Answers
Answer:
special change will happen between popcorn and floor it falls on love and attractions and do marriage . they will get baby after 1 year
The figure is an energy-level diagram for a simple atom.
What wavelengths appear in the atom's emission spectrum?
#1: From wavelength 3 to 1
#2: From wavelength 3 to 2
#3: From wavelength 2 to 1
What wavelengths appear in the atom's absorption spectrum?
#1: From wavelength 1 to 2
#2: From wavelength 1 to 3
Answers
The wavelengths that appear in the emission spectrum are the ones that correspond to the transitions of electrons from a higher energy level to a lower energy level.
What is wavelentgh?Wavelength is a measure of the distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave. It is expressed in units of length, such as meters, centimeters, or nanometers. Wavelength is a fundamental property of any wave that is determined by its frequency and speed. The speed of a wave is determined by its medium; for example, light waves travel faster in a vacuum than in air. Wavelengths of different types of waves can differ significantly. Examples of different types of waves include sound waves, radio waves, and light waves
In this diagram, the transitions represented are from level 3 to 1, from level 3 to 2, and from level 2 to 1. Therefore, the wavelengths that appear in the atom's emission spectrum are from wavelength 3 to 1, from wavelength 3 to 2, and from wavelength 2 to 1.
The wavelengths that appear in the absorption spectrum are the ones that correspond to the transitions of electrons from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. In this diagram, the transitions represented are from level 1 to 2, from level 1 to 3, and from level 2 to 3. Therefore, the wavelengths that appear in the atom's absorption spectrum are from wavelength 1 to 2, from wavelength 1 to 3, and from wavelength 2 to 3.
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On Earth the average atmospheric pressure at the surface is 1013254 Pa. If we assume that the radius of Earth is 6.4 x 106m and the acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2, what is the mass of Earth's atmosphere? Hint: You will need to use the equations for force, pressure, and the surface area of a sphere, but you will need to analyze the units to confirm how these get combined.) Use the following values to solve this problem. 1 atm = PEarth=101325 Pa; REarth-6,4x10ºm; g = 9.8 m/s^2? Ending units: ___
Answers
Answer:
13
Explanation:
im rhe smartest person on the erth i j knos jts 13
a radio receiver can detect signals with electric field amplitudes as small as 320 μv/m .What is the intensity of the smallest detectable signal?
Answers
The intensity of the smallest detectable signal is 1.36 x 10⁻¹⁰ W / m².
What is the intensity of the smallest detectable signal?The intensity of the smallest detectable signal is calculated by applying formula relating electric field amplitude and the intensity of light.
Mathematically, the formula relating electric field amplitude and the intensity of light is given as;
I = ¹/₂ ε₀E²₀c
where;
ε₀ is permittivity of free spaceE₀ is the amplitude electric fieldc is speed of lightThe intensity of the smallest detectable signal is calculated as follows;
I = ¹/₂ ε₀E²₀c
Given;
permittivity of free space = 8.85 x 10⁻¹²amplitude electric field = 320 μv/m speed of light = 3 x 10⁸ m /sI = ¹/₂ ( 8.85 x 10⁻¹² ) (320 x 10⁻⁶)² ( 3 x 10⁸ )
I = 1.36 x 10⁻¹⁰ W / m²
Thus, the intensity of the smallest detectable signal is a function of the electric field amplitude and speed of light.
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Balls are attached to light rods and can move in horizontal circles as shown in the figure. Rank in order, from smallest to largest, the torques T1 to T4 about the centers of the circles. Explain.
Answers
Rank in order, from smallest to largest, the torques T1 to T4 about the centers of the circles is T4>T3=T2>T1 .
What is torque ?
Torque is the name for a force that can cause an item to revolve around an axis. Just as in linear kinematics, torque propels an object's rate of motion in the direction of an angular acceleration.
What is circle ?
When a group of points moves in a plane so that their separation from a fixed point remains constant, they form a circle. Both the fixed point and the fixed distance are referred to as "centre" and "radius," respectively.
Torque is just Farr i.e. the radius multiply by the component of force perpendicular to it, or the Force multiplied by the component of radius perpendicular to it. In this case, F and r are perpendicular all the time. So the Torques are:
a)Fr
b)2Fr
c)F2r=2Fr
d)2F2r=4Fr
Now, the order can be easliy assigned. T4>T3=T2>T1
Therefore, rank in order, from smallest to largest, the torques T1 to T4 about the centers of the circles is T4>T3=T2>T1 .
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mass (in grams) of 2.50×10−2 mol of cds.
Answers
O contains 3.93 x 10^22 atoms. In the case of a mass (in grammes) of 2.50 10 2 mol of CdS. To three significant digits, convert the mass to grammes. In 66.6 g of this substance, the amount of NH4Cl in moles (n).
One of a body's fundamental characteristics is mass. Before the discovery of the atom and particle physics, it was widely considered to be connected to the amount of matter in a physical body. Different atoms and elementary particles were found to have different mass numbers (2.50102 mol CdS x 144.4760 g CdS/mol) = 3.61 g CdS (66.6 g NH4Cl / 53.4915 g NH4Cl/mol) = 1.25 mol NH4Cl (8.497102 mol) x (6.022 x 1023 molecules/mol) = 5.117 10
9.1 atoms of oxygen for 1 molecule of Al(NO3)3 (7.25103 mol) x (6.022 x 1023 molecules/mol) x (6.022 x 1023 molecules/mol) = 3.93 10^22.
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The complete question is -
Mass (in grams) of 2.50×10−2 mol of CdS. Express the mass in grams to three significant digits. Number of moles (n) of NH4Cl in 66.6 g of this substance. Express the amount in moles to three significant digits. Number of molecules in 8.497×10−2 mol C6H6. Express the amount in molecules to four significant digits. Number of O atoms in 7.25×10−3 mol Al(NO3)3. Express the amount in atoms to three significant digits.
Convert 6,400,000 milligrams to kilograms.
Answers
Convert: 6,400,000 milligrams (mg) is equal to 6,400 kilograms (kg).
What is Convert?Convert is a process of changing or transforming one type of data into another type of data. This is usually done to make the data easier to use or to make it compatible with other systems. Convert can involve changing the format, type, or structure of a given data set. For example, a file of text can be converted into a different format, such as a PDF, or a spreadsheet can be converted into a different type of spreadsheet, such as an Excel document. Conversion can also be used for data transfer between different systems, such as transferring a file from a computer to a mobile device. Conversion can take place on a computer, or it can be done manually.
To convert milligrams to kilograms, divide the milligrams by 1,000,000.
6,400,000 milligrams / 1,000,000 = 6,400 kilograms
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The structure in the figure below is made from three identical rods of uniform density: Your classmate, Carol, argues that the structure has the same moment of iner- tia about the three axes show below because these axes are equidistant from the structure's center of mass: Do you agree with Carol's reasoning? Yes B No HH
Answers
Yes, the structure has the same moment of inertia about the three axes show below because these axes are equidistant from the structure's center of mass.
What does the moment of inertia mean?
A body's moment of inertia, or resistance to having its speed of rotation about an axis changed by the application of a torque, is a quantifiable measurement of its rotational inertia (turning force). The axis may or may not be fixed, and it may or may not be internal or external.
The direction of the axis usually affects an object's moment of inertia, and the angle between the axis and the center of mass is always a factor. In these instances, the moment of inertia will always be the same if two or more distinct axes are equally spaced from the center of mass.
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Using the data in the graphs that accompany this problem, determine the speed of the wave.
Answers
The speed of the wave is 0.2 m/s.
What is speed ?
A shift in an object's location, either in direction or speed. How fast something is travelling is determined by how far it has travelled in relation to how long it took. Speed is considered a scalar quantity because it only has a direction and no magnitude.
What is wave ?
An energy-conducting disturbance in a medium known as a wave is one that does not involve any net particle motion. It could manifest as elasto-deformation, a shift in pressure, electric or magnetic intensity, electric potential, or temperature.
Therefore, the speed of the wave is 0.2 m/s.
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Consider the circuit shown in (Figure 1). Suppose that R = 9.0 kN. You may want to review (Pages 743 - 745). - Part A What is the time constant for the discharge of the capacitor? Express your answer with the appropriate units.
Answers
The time constant for the discharge of the capacitor is 9.0 × 103 s.
What is capacitor?A capacitor is an electronics component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is composed of two electrical conductors separated by an insulator, usually a dielectric material. When a voltage potential is applied across the conductors, an electric field is created that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field between the conductors. The stored energy can be released when the potential is removed, allowing the capacitor to act as a temporary energy storage device. Capacitors are commonly found in many electronic circuits and are used to store and release electrical energy quickly.
The time constant for the discharge of the capacitor can be calculated using the equation τ = RC, where R is the resistance in ohms, C is the capacitance in farads, and τ is the time constant in seconds.
Substituting the given values of R = 9.0 kN and C = 1 F, we obtain τ = 9.0 × 103 N × 1 F = 9.0 × 103 s. Therefore, the time constant for the discharge of the capacitor is 9.0 × 103 s.
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on a rainy day, a barometer reads 727 mmhg . convert this value to atmospheres.
Answers
on a rainy day, a barometer reads 727 mmhg. It is 0.956 atm pressure in atmospheric pressure unit.
This problem is just unit conversion. So we have to find the value of our pressure in terms of atmosphere pressure in Patm. since we have the pressure in mmhg. The unit atm pressure is defined as the ammount of pressure atmosphere near sea level provides per unit area. To convert mmhg into atm, we have to multiply the value with (1 ÷ 760). Because the conversion formula is to divide the pressure value by 760. Now our value is 727 mmhg. So, 727× (1÷760) = 0.95657 atm. This is how we get the answer 0.956 atm. it is a very simple conversion method. you just have to remember the value 760.
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A 0.16 k/g hockey puck is moving on an icy Horizontal service with the speed of 5MSA player strikes the Puck by hockey stick after the impact the Puck moves in opposite direction with the speed of 9MS of the Puck was the in contact with the stick for 0 points 005S what is the average force of the Puck by the stick
Answers
According to Newton's second law of motion, 12.8 N is the average force of the Puck
Newton's Second Law of MotionIt states that, the rate of change of momentum is directly to the force applied. That is,
F = m(v - u)/t
Given that a 0.16 k/g hockey puck is moving on an icy Horizontal service with the speed of 5 m/s player strikes the Puck by hockey stick after the impact the Puck moves in opposite direction with the speed of 9 m/s of the Puck was the in contact with the stick for 0 points 0.05 s
The average force of the Puck by the stick can be calculated by using the formula above.
Where
m = 0.16 kgu = 5 m/sv = 9 m/st = 0.05 sSubstitute all the parameters
F = 0.16(9 - 5)/0.05
F = 0.16(4)/0.05
F = 0.64/0.05
F = 12.8 N
Therefore, the average force of the Puck by the stick is 12.8 N
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A certain type of lens changes the direction of light rays from A to B. What property does
this illustrate?
Answers
The figure shows the polarization of light in the image.
What is light?We have to note that light is the form of energy that we can be able to see by the use of the optical eyes that we have. There are several propoerties of light that are also the properties of waves.
We should know that light is an electromagnetic wave and the polarization of waves can only occur in an electromagnetic wave. From A to B in the figure that have been shown, we can see the polarization of waves.
Thus the light waves are polarized.
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A small ball rolls around a horizontal circle at height yinside the cone shown in the figure .
Find an expression of the ball's speed in terms of a, h, y, and g.
Answers
The ball's speed when it rolls around a horizontal circle at height y inside the cone is a/h√gy.
Given the height of cone = h
The radius of cone base = a
The ball is at a height of = y inside the cone
Let the speed of ball = v
From the free body diagram of cone we can see that along x axis the force acting is Rcosθ and along y axis the force acting upward is Rsinθ and downwards is mg where g is gravitational acceleration.
Rsinθ = mg
Rcosθ = Fc is centripetal force = mv^2/r here r is radius of base
Rsinθ/Rcosθ = mg/mv^2/r
tanθ = rg/v^2
From the diagram y/r = h/a. r = ya/h and tanθ = h/a
h/a = ay/h x g/v^2
v^2 = ayg/h x a/h
v^2 = a^2 yg/h^2
v = a√yg/h
Hence the speed of ball is a√yg/h.
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a myelinated axon conducts nerve impulses at a speed of 40 m/s .
Answers
20m/s will be the answer .
What is axon ?
Axons are the elongated parts of neurons and are located in the middle of the cell between the soma and axon terminals. Each neuron in the brain has an axon that meanders away from the body of the cell. In axons, which are several times thinner than a human hair, electrical impulses travel away from neurons and are received by other neurons.
In size, an axon can occupy more than 95% of the total volume of a neuron. Axons vary widely in length. Many are only about 1 millimeter long, but the longest, such as those that extend from the brain to the spinal cord, can stretch over a meter. Axons typically develop collateral branches, called axonal collaterals, that allow one neuron to send information to multiple other neurons. Like the root of a tree, these collateral branches divide into small extensions called terminal branches with synaptic terminals at the top.
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Biscuits are sold in cans of 8 how many biscuits are in 1 to 5 cans
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Biscuits are sold in cans of 8, so if you have 1 can, you have 8 biscuits.
If you have 2 cans, you have 8 x 2 = 16 biscuits.
If you have 3 cans, you have 8 x 3 = 24 biscuits.
If you have 4 cans, you have 8 x 4 = 32 biscuits.
If you have 5 cans, you have 8 x 5 = 40 biscuits.
In total, if you have 1 to 5 cans, you would have 8 + 16 + 24 + 32 + 40 = 120 biscuits.
There are 40 biscuits in 5 cans and 8 biscuits in 1 can.
Biscuits are packaged and sold in cans, with each can containing 8 biscuits. This means that if you purchase 1 can of biscuits, you will receive 8 biscuits. If you purchase 5 cans of biscuits, you will receive a total of 40 biscuits, which is calculated by multiplying the number of cans (5) by the number of biscuits in each can (8).
This simple calculation helps you determine how many biscuits you will receive based on the number of cans you purchase, making it easier for you to stock up or plan for a party or event. This information can also be useful if you are trying to budget your food expenses, as you can easily determine the cost of a specific number of biscuits based on the price of a can of biscuits.
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For the change in tires in problem #1, what is your true speed if you do not adjust the speedometer
for the new tire size and speedometer reads 55 mph?
Answers
Your true speed if you do not adjust the speedometer for the new tire size is 68.9 mph.
What is your true speed?
If you do not adjust the speedometer for the new tire size and speedometer reads 55 mph, your true speed is calculated as follows;
Let your true speed = v
New circumference of the tire / old circumference of the tire = d / 55 mph
The new circumference of the tire is 104 inches
The old circumference of the tire is 83 inches
( 104 / 83 ) = v / 55 mph
v = 55 mph x ( 104 / 83 )
v = 68.9 mph
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The complete question is below:
For the change in tires in problem #1 where new circumference of the tire is 104 inches and the old circumference of the tire is 83 inches , what is your true speed if you do not adjust the speedometer
for the new tire size and speedometer reads 55 mph?
Find an expression for β in terms of the prism's apex angle α and index of refraction n.
Express your answer in terms of the variables α and n.
Answers
The sin ⁻¹ (n sin α/2) is an expression for β in terms of the prism's apex angle α and index of refraction n.
What is prism?
A prism is a homogeneous solid, angled-inclined, transparent, and refracting media that is surrounded by two plane surfaces. The typical prism comprises three rectangular surfaces, two parallel triangular faces, and two triangular faces. They are constructed of glass or another transparent material that has been precisely sliced at angles.
What is angle of incidence ?
Angle of incidence refers to the angle that the incident ray forms with the normal. Angle of refraction: This term refers to the angle that a refracted beam makes with the normal.
Since the refracted light travels parallel to the base of the prism, thus it will incident at an angle on the second wall of the prism.
Therefore,
(90-γ )+ (90+γ ) = 180
180- 2γ +α = 180
γ= a/2
Now, applying the snells law at the first wall of the prism.
nsin sinβ = nsinγ
sinβ= n sin (α/2) (nsin = 1)
= sin ⁻¹ (n sin α/2)
Therefore, sin ⁻¹ (n sin α/2) is an expression for β in terms of the prism's apex angle α and index of refraction n.
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If the numerical value of the equilibrium constant increases as the temperature increases then: A. ∆G0 > 0
B. ∆H0 <0
C. ∆S0 <0
D. ∆H0 > 0
E. ∆S0 >0
Answers
If the numerical value of the equilibrium constant increases as the temperature increases then, ∆S₀ < 0. (option C)
The equilibrium constant, K, is a measure of the relative concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium. It is related to the standard Gibbs free energy change, ∆G₀, by the equation: ∆G₀ = -RT ln K, where,
R is the gas constant T is the temperature.Important points:
The equilibrium constant, K, is dependent on the temperature.As the temperature increases, the value of the natural logarithm (ln K) decreases.This means that as the temperature increases, the value of ∆G₀ becomes more negative.As ∆G₀ becomes more negative, the equilibrium constant, K, becomes larger.The standard Gibbs free energy change is related to the standard enthalpy change, ∆H₀, and the standard entropy change, ∆S₀, by the equation: ∆G₀ = ∆H₀ - T∆S₀As ∆G₀ becomes more negative, it means that either ∆H₀ is more negative or ∆S₀ is more positive.Since ∆H₀ is not directly related to temperature, it means that ∆S₀ is more positive.Therefore, as the temperature increases, the equilibrium constant increases, which is accompanied by an increase in entropy and ∆S₀ < 0This is because as the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles increases which leads to more molecular collisions and more disorder. This increase in disorder causes the entropy of the system to increase and the Gibbs's free energy to decrease.In conclusion, as the temperature increases, the numerical value of the equilibrium constant increases, and ∆S₀ < 0.
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How does the entropy of a system change for each
of the following processes?
(a) A solid melts.
(b) A liquid freezes.
(c) A liquid boils.
(d) A vapor is converted to a solid.
(e) A vapor condenses to a liquid.
(f) A solid sublimes.
(g) Urea dissolves in water.
Answers
(a) The entropy of a solid increase as it melts, because the molecules gain freedom of movement.
(b) The entropy of a liquid decreases as it freezes because the molecules lose freedom of movement.
(c) The entropy of a liquid increases as it boils, because the molecules gain freedom of movement.
(d) The entropy of a vapor decreases as it is converted to a solid because the molecules lose freedom of movement.
(e) The entropy of a vapor increases as it condenses to a liquid because the molecules gain freedom of movement.
(f) The entropy of a solid increase as it sublimes, because the molecules gain freedom of movement.
(g) The entropy of the Urea and the water increases as the Urea dissolves in water because the molecules of Urea gain freedom of movement and the water molecules interact with the solute molecules.
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An object is moving with a velocity in the positive direction. If
the object experiences an acceleration opposite the direction
of its motion it would be a acceleration.
Answers
Answer: Negative acceleration
Explanation: If an object experiences an acceleration an opposite to the direction of motion , the acceleration is negative
Which warms more quickly in sunlight: a colorless or a colored piece of glass? Why?
Answers
You are in the year where the earth has no more land available for houses you decide to build an apartment up and need things to survive in each earths 5 layers (troposphere,stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere) Question: what things would you need to survive the thermosphere(really hot it is 2000 degrees fahrenheit)
PLS HELP PLS IMMA GET A BAD GRADE
Answers
Answer:
Heavy clothes
Explanation:
If you were to hang out in the thermosphere, though, you would be very cold because there aren’t enough gas molecules to transfer the heat to you. This also means there aren’t enough molecules for sound waves to travel through.
what is the value of current ic in the figure? the directions of the currents are as noted.
Answers
Applying the Kirchhoff's Current Law concept will yield the current's value (KCL). The figure's current IC value is 2A.
According to KCL, the total current exiting a node a location where two or more circuit branches converge is equal to the total current entering the node. The intersection of the two branches is shown in the picture at node A and B. The IA and IB current sources make up the two branches. We can infer from KCL that the total sum of currents entering node A equals the total amount of currents leaving node B.
Given the current IA = 7A
the current at the junction C is divided as IC and 5A
So, IC = 7-5 = 2A
The current at junction B is IB flowing upwards along with current IC and IB which is 3+2 = 5A
Hence the current in IC = 2A.
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