Answer:
you inherit 2 alleles for each genes. one comes from your biological mom and the other comes from you biological father. if the alleles are identical like when both your parents have brown eyes and that it will cause you to have brown eye color. some alleles are dominant while the rest are recessive. the dominant trait is more stronger than recessive trait. It is a strictly relative effect between two alleles of a given gene of any function; one allele can be dominant over a second allele of the same gene, recessive to a third and co-dominant with a fourth. Additionally, one allele may be dominant for one trait but not others.
Explanation:
Describe the importance of the intrinsic muscles in the hand as you reach to turn a
doorknob.
Answer:
Finger kinematics during grasp were measured on 5 cadaveric hands. To simulate finger flexion, the FDP was activated by a motor while intrinsic muscles were loaded at various levels (0, 125, 250, 375 or 500g). Finger movement was characterized by the order of metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joint flexion and by the maximal fingertip-to-palm distance during finger closure.
Results
Without any intrinsic muscle contribution (0g load), FDP activation resulted in flexion of all 3 joints, whereby flexion began at the proximal interphalangeal joint, followed by distal interphalangeal joint and then metacarpophalangeal joint. With increasing intrinsic muscle load, finger flexion was initiated at the metacarpophalangeal joint, followed by the proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints. This altered joint flexion order resulted in a larger maximal fingertip-to-palm distance during finger flexion. The difference between the 2 extreme conditions (0g vs. 500g of intrinsic muscle load) was 19mm.
Discussion
These findings demonstrate that simultaneous activation of the FDP and the intrinsic muscles results in an apparently more functional hand closing compared to FDP activation alone because of altered kinematics and larger fingertip-to-palm distances.
Clinical Relevance
These findings suggest that intrinsic muscle balancing during reconstruction of grasp in tetraplegic patients may improve function. Keywords: grasp, hand, intrinsic muscles, tendon transfer, tetraplegia
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Introduction
Regaining arm and hand function has been identified as the highest priority for persons with tetraplegia.1,2 Recovering even partial function can have an enormous impact on independence, which enhances quality of life.3 Restoration of finger flexion is an achievable goal in reconstructive surgery of many tetraplegic hands. It can be performed if both the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis are fully innervated, in which case the extensor carpi radialis longus is transferred to the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP),4 which enables patients to grasp and hold objects. However, by restoring FDP function only, fingertips coming into full flexion approach the bases of the fingers rather than the center of the palm.5 This happens because finger flexion begins at the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, and fingers curl into flexion rather than following a large arc, which would provide a broad sweeping movement.6 The roll-up finger flexion tends to push large objects out of grasp5 and is therefore considered less functional in daily life.
In normal hand function, the intrinsic muscles, both the lumbricals and interosseus muscles balance finger movement7 and create this broad sweeping movement. Besides abducting and adducting the fingers, they are responsible for coupling metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) flexion with interphalangeal joints (IP) extension.8,9 For 2-dimensional finger movement during grasp, the lumbricals and the interossei provide the same function, as shown by Leijnse et al.10 Since their function is redundant in the sagittal plane, we refer to them as 1 entity, the intrinsics. Intrinsic function is so important that even when patients have neither functional intrinsic muscle nor a sufficient number of transferable muscles to reconstruct them with an active tendon transfer, passive tenodeses are used to substitute for intrinsic muscle function.11,12
We characterize functional hand movement for tetraplegic persons as a large fingertip-to-palm distance during flexion because this enables them to grasp objects of varying sizes and shapes necessary for activities of daily life. The exact contribution of the intrinsic muscles to this function is incompletely understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify the role of intrinsic muscle force in creating a functional grasp. We hypothesized that increasing intrinsic muscle contribution would result in a more functional grasp.
Explanation: i hope this helps plz tell me if its wrong so i can fix it :)
The intrinsic muscles, including the lumbricals and interventions ” muscles, balance hand movements and provide this broad sweeping motion in normal hand function.
Define intrinsic muscles.The intrinsic muscles define the arch of the hands, twist the knuckles, and resist with the thumbs.
The intrinsic muscles, including the lumbricals and interventions ” muscles, balance hand movements and provide this broad sweeping motion in normal hand function. They are able to bridge metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) flex with interphalangeal joint (IP) extension, in addition to abducting and adducting the fingers.
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Leaves are a plant's major site of photosynthesis and gas exchange
with the atmosphere. True or False?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The cells in a middle layer of leaf tissue called the mesophyll are the primary site of photosynthesis. Small pores called stomata—singular, stoma—are found on the surface of leaves in most plants, and they let carbon dioxide diffuse into the mesophyll layer and oxygen diffuse out.
In the cell cycle which phase follows S phase, or DNA replication ?
Is the cladogram pictured here correct? Does it accurately represent the cladistic relationships between these species based on their derived characteristics? Why or why not?
Answer:
The cladogram is correct. The further explanation is given below.
Explanation:
As with most other species excluding lamprey, paired arms and legs are established. In any organism except lamprey as well as tuna, paired legs become available. Throughout all animals, except lampreys, tuna, certain bullfrogs, the amniotic membrane seems to be preserved. In kangaroos, rhesus monkeys including people, mammary glands were only ever available. The placenta has only been found throughout rhesus monkeys and also in humans. Foramen magnum forward will be exclusively found in humans.should zoos exist? Yes or no ?
3 sentence
Various cultures designate racial categories differently, and they often base these categories on very different traits. For example, some cultures use nose shape as one of the defining traits for a racial group. Other cultures do not use nose shape in defining racial groups, but use hair color instead. Conduct a survey in person on your campus, via social media accounts online, or among your friends and family. Ask at least 20 people what five traits they think are most important when distinguishing racial groups. Document the responses, and then review the data. Did every person use the same traits? What do differences in racial classification such as these suggest about the universality of race and racial groupings?
Answer:
In the clarification segment below, the definition of the query has been mentioned.
Explanation:
This shows that perhaps the distinctions between individuals living in a culture or geographical region are often based on ethnicity and ethnic groupings. A single population belonging to a specific geographical region has been shown to possess many characteristics, including hair texture, individual capacity for heat resistance, and food taste. Throughout certain races or ethnic groups, these similar traits bring them together. The young government corresponding to a certain race is often asked to follow the custom adopted by those belonging to a certain particular demographic. It is assumed that persons belonging to that same race follow these rituals mostly to solve difficulties they have experienced personally due to errors perpetrated by certain ancestors.A colourless, odourless, tasteless, gas that is the most common element in the atmosphere.
a. nitrogen
b. phosphorus
c. carbon
d. oxygen
Answer:
Nitrogen
Explanation:
Answer:
its a for what i know hope this helps
Mitosis occurs in all the cells of the organism.
Answer:
Mitosis is the process in cell division by which the nucleus of the cell divides (in a multiple phase), giving rise to two identical daughter cells. Mitosis happens in all eukaryotic cells (plants, animals, and fungi). It is the process of cell renewal and growth in a plant, animal or fungus.
NEED ANSWER ASAP! Aside from safety, which of the following is an additional benefit of understanding animal behavior? A Reduced stress improves the health, fertility, and production of animals B Animals that feel understood are more likely to stifle aggressive tendencies C Well trained animals receive a higher market value than do untrained animals D Handling that have a strong connection to their animals often get breeding rights
Answer:
I think its A.........
Answer:
It's A
Explanation:
List the following structures from largest to smallest: proton pump, nuclear pore, cyt c ribosome,
nucleus.
Answer:
Nucleus
Nuclear pore
Proton pump
Cyt C Ribosome
Explanation:
The nucleus of the cell is the largest of all of these structures, all of the others are located inside the nucleus of the cell or interact with it, the nuclear pore is a pore in the nucleus that allows the transport of proteins through the membrane, the proton pump passes through the nuclear pore, and a Ribosome is a protein that transports nutrients, so that would be the smallest.
The order from largest to smallest is nucleous>> >> ribosome >> nuclear pore >> proton pump >> Cyt C.
The nucleus is the organelle that contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell, whereas ribosomes are protein factories.The nuclear pore is a structure that allows the passage of certain molecules between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.The proton pump is an integral protein-membrane, whereas Cyt C is a mitochondrial protein.In conclusion, the order from largest to smallest is nucleous>> >> ribosome >> nuclear pore >> proton pump >> Cyt C.
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Aristotle's ladder of nature, and the Great Chain of Being, were concepts suggesting __________.
a) life evolved on other worlds and was later transported to Earth down a celestial ladder
b) the accurate evolutionary view that all species are related, with each providing an evolutionary link (i.e. step in the ladder) to its immediate ancestor
c) the mystical teleological view that all species were created in a fixed order, from least to most perfect
d) life is a painful and purposeless experience of endless steps, but death brings release from the ladder of life
Answer:
c) the mystical teleological view that all species were created in a fixed order, from least to most perfect
Explanation:
The teleological argument states that God created all living things, this belief is also known as intelligent design or creationism. This belief might be considered to be opposed to the mechanism of natural selection proposed by Darwin to understand how species evolve, which can explain the complexity of living things. The creationism was firstly proposed by Socrates in ancient Greece. Subsequently, Plato (who was a student of Socrates) and Aristotle (who was a student of Plato) substantially enhanced the arguments of the intelligent design.
5. Is the DNA code in your eye cells the same as cells in your muscle cells?
I don't beleive so because your eyes have a different rubbery texture if you've ever touched your eye.
Glucose is a large molecule that comes into the cell, where there are high levels of glucose outside our cell and low concentrations inside our cell. Which type of cell transport would glucose use to travel across the cell membrane?
Simple Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
Answer:
2345rtyhjnbvcdfgvsdfg
Explanation:
A student views 2 cells through his microscope. In cell A, he observes it to be rather large and has a lot of structures including a nucleus in it that make it complex in cell B, he observes that it is much smaller than cell A and does not have many structures inside which he claims makes it less complex What is true about these cells?
A. Cell A is a prokaryote while cell B is a eukaryote
B. Both cells are eukaryotes
C. Both cells are prokaryotes
D. Cell A is a eukaryote while cell B is a prokaryote
Answer: The answer is D
prokaryotes are a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles
Transcription takes places in the nucleus of the cell. what happens during transcription?
Answer:
Transcription takes place in the nucleus. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule. RNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs.
Answer:
the nucleus is giving the cell instructions on what to do.
Explanation:
I did it on edge
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the nebular hypothesis?
Question 1 options:
A) A large cloud of hydrogen gas and dust begins to collapse under its own gravity.
B) The collapsing cloud begins to spin.
C) The spinning, collapsing cloud expands into a ball.
D) As the material coalesces in the center, it becomes dense, compresses, and heats up.
A
A large cloud of hydrogen gas and dust begins to collapse under its own gravity.
The incorrect option is "a large cloud of hydrogen gas and dust begins to collapse under its own gravity"
What is the nebular hypothesis?The most widely accepted theory in cosmogony to explain how the Solar System formed and evolved is the nebular hypothesis. It implies that gas and dust orbiting the Sun are what created the Solar System. The nebular theory proposes that a rotating cloud of material called a nebula, composed primarily of light components, flattened into a protoplanetary disk and developed into a solar system made up of a star and circling planets.Immanuel Kant developed the hypothesis.In 1900, Chamberlain and Moultan hypothesized that a wandering star's approach to the sun caused a cigar-shaped extension to separate from the solar surface.Learn more about the nebular hypothesis here:
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Which of the following groups could be classified as an ecosystem?
A)The total of all plants and algae populations in a pond
B)The biotic and abiotic factors interacting in a pond
C)The fungi, bacteria, and animals in a pond
D)The light, temperature, and minerals in a pond
Answer:
The fungi, bacteria, and animals in a pond
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
Answer:
C) the fungi, bacteria, and animals in a pond
Explanation: Ecosystem: a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment:
Identify the "stomach" of the cell that breaks down waste and digests organelles that are not needed
Answer:
Lysosomes
Explanation:
A lysosome is an organelle that contains enzymes that break down and digest unneeded cellular components, such as a damaged organelle.
Which factor most affects the order of amino acids in a protein? (3.1.2) Group of answer choices the DNA located in the nucleus of the cell the cell in which the protein is located the amount of ATP available for the cell’s use the area in a cell where proteins are produced
Answer options:
The DNA located in the nucleus of the cell The cell in which the protein is located The amount of ATP available for the cell’s use The area in a cell where proteins are producedAnswer:
The DNA located in the nucleus of the cell
Explanation:
The sequence of the DNA is transcribed into a messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA molecule is translated into a sequence of amino acids. Every 3 nucleotides in the mRNA represents a codon. These codons correspond to a complementary anticodon linked to a tRNA, which specifies the order of amino acids in a protein.
A physical science textbook has a mass of 3 Kg. What is its weight on Earth
Answer:
Weight = mass * force of gravity
W = 3 * 9.81
Explanation:
When atoms combine, they may gain, lose, or share:
O electrons.
protons.
O neutrons.
O nuclei.
Answer:
electrons
Explanation:
In chickens, FF produces extreme frizzle (very brittle and curly feathers), Ff has mild frizzle and ff has normal feathers. An extreme frizzle hen is mated with a normal
rooster.
Which of the following represents the phenotype ratio for their offspring?
•2 mild frizzle: 2 normal
•2 extreme frizzle: 2 mild frizzle
•100% mild frizzle
•3 extreme frizzle: 1 normal
Answer:
3 extreme on normal
Explanation:
Use a punnett square to put this question into an easy to understand visual tool.
The majority of pesticides do not have a residual effect (i.e., not persistent; lose chemical activity) in the soil.
a) True
b) False
Answer:
B- False
Explanation:
Pesticides can contaminate soil, water, turf, and other vegetation. In addition to killing insects or weeds, pesticides can be toxic to a host of other organisms including birds, fish, beneficial insects, and non-target plants. Soil can be degraded and the community of organisms living in the soil can be damaged by the misuse or over use of pesticides. Some pesticides are more toxic to soil organisms than others.
Hope this helps!
would all changes to a DNA sequence change protein structure and functions?
Answer:
A change in the gene's DNA sequence may lead to a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein. Even changing just one amino acid in a protein's sequence can affect the protein's overall structure and functions..
Explanation:
hope it helps..
Which evidence from the Hershey-Chase experiment demonstrated that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material
Answer:
The evidence from the Hershey-Chase experiment demonstrated that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material DNA contains phosphorus, but protein does not was as result of some analysis in which it was discovered that Protein contains sulfur and DNA does not.
This was what led to the use of radioactive phosphorus and radioactive sulfur in self-identification.
PLEASE HELP !!!!!!! WILL MARK BRAINLYEST
What was the objective of the pringle lab study?
A) to determine where the different antelope species spent most of their time
B) to track the migration routes of the different antelope species
C) to determine how so many similar species of large mammals can exist together in the same place
D) to determine what species of animals the lions ate
Explanation:
Im not sure, but I think C)
If you have 11 neutrons and 6 protons what is the total mass?
Which of these best explains why one should never come between a cow and her calf? aaniaml systems. ACalves cannot see until they are a year old B Young calves are easily disoriented and lost C Human scent transfers easily onto calves. D Mother cows have fierce maternal instincts Thing
Young calves are easily disoriented and lost is the reason why best
explains why one should never come between a cow and her calf.
What is a Calf?A calf is regarded as a young cow and are often reared to become adults
before they are used for several purposes such as beef etc.
They are usually under the guidance of their mother in order to prevent
various forms of hazard. This is as a result of them being susceptible to
getting lost as a result of their disorientation.
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Lara and Tim took different routes to travel from Point A to Point C. Lara took the route along A, B, and C. Tim took the route along A, E, D, and C. Their routes with distances and times are shown.
A 5 sided figure ABCDE is shown. Point A is labeled Start and Point E is labeled End. AB is 6 miles and 1.5 hours, BC is 2 miles and 1 hour, CD is 6 miles and 1.5 hours, DE is 4 miles and 1.5 hours, and AE is 2 miles and 0.5 hour
Which person's average speed is greater?
Lara's, because her average speed is twice Tim's average speed
Lara's, because her average speed is three times Tim's average speed
Tim's, because his average speed is 0.6 miles/hour greater than Lara's average speed
Tim's, because his average speed is 0.2 miles/hour greater than Lara's average speed
Answer:
Tim's, because his average speed is 0.2 miles/hour greater than Lara's average speed
Explanation:
Tims was greater than Lara's with an average speed of 0.2 miles/hour.
Hope this helps!
Answer: Tim's, because his average speed is 0.2 miles/hour greater than Lara's average speed
Explanation:
how i know is i got a brain and i got this question right :)
Our body cells undergo the process of the cell cycle and mitosis daily. Cells undergoing mitosis are important for growth and repair. Each new cell must be identical to its original cell. In order to ensure this works the genetic material must be duplicated. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur