Writing Assignment So, you have learned about how the denaturation of proteins works during lecture, and you have seen examples in these videos. Now you will write a 2-3 page discussion of protein denaturation putting all that together Make sure you cover both the academic side (lecture knowledge) and practical side (what is done and observed in the lab). Make sure the answers to the following questions are contained in your report. Do NOT just answer them separately, but rather incorporate them seamlessly in your writing. This is a very broad topic, so comprehensive coverage is hardly expected, but you should demonstrate a good beginner's understanding. As usual, reference any and all resources you use.
a. What are the various levels of organization that any protein structure may have that gives it its 3-dimentional shape?Which of these changes during denaturation?
b. For each change made to a protein solution that you have seen or read about how might it affect the interactions that are involved in a protein's shape?
c. What is the difference between precipitation of a protein and its denaturation? How might you tell the difference?
d. If changing the pH of an enzyme solution greatly reduces the activity of that enzyme without precipitation, how could you tell in the lab if it were the result of denaturation or just going to a pH that is just not a good one for the enzyme? And how would a change in pH impact or even stop enzyme function without denaturation? (Consider the enzymes that are active in your stomach, such as pepsin-discussed in Wikipedia.)
e. For changes that precipitate a protein, are some more likely than others to be denaturation?
f. Etc. If you find one aspect of what you've see more interesting, go ahead and learn more and expand that section of your report and keep the other sections more basic.

Answers

Answer 1

Solution :

Denaturing may be defined as the process where the protein they lose their shape and their function because there is a change in the pH level or in the temperature. Although the amino acids sequence also known as primary structure, it does not change. But the shape of the protein might change a little bit so much that it can become dysfunctional in which protein is considered to be denatured.

The enzyme, Pepsin, the breakdown protein in our stomach only operates at a very low pH level. At higher pH level, the pepsin's configuration the way the polypeptide chain is being folded up in a 3 dimension begins to change. The pH level of the stomach is maintained at a low level to ensure that pepsin continues for the digest protein and that it does not denature.

There are 4 levels of the protein structure --- they are the primary, the secondary, the tertiary and the quaternary.

The primary protein is a particular sequence of amino acids in each of the polypeptide chain that makes the protein. The final protein structure depends on this sequence.

Secondary structure arise from the interactions between the neighboring or nearby the amino acids as polypeptide starts folding into 3D form.

The tertiary structure is the most important of structural levels in determining.

The quaternary structure also applies to the proteins made from more than one polypeptide chain.


Related Questions

The stage in the mentrual cycle usually lasting from 3to five days when fertilization does not occur.
A.ovulation
B.stimulation
C.menustration
D.reproduction​

Answers

It should be A) ovulation

Hope this helps!
Good luck!

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology is used for

a. DNA identification
b. DNA repair
c. DNA amplification
d. DNA cleavage​

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is c.

Explanation:

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology is an in vitro enzymatic method that allows the amplification of a specific DNA sequence, that is, it is the DNA amplification technique by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique that consists of the in vitro amplification of a specific DNA fragment. To carry out the amplification experiment, it is necessary to know, at least partially, the sequence of the fragment to be amplified (a gene, a part of a gene, a non-coding region, ...). Basically, it is about replicating the same DNA fragment over and over again and, for this, we must do in vitro what cells do in vivo to replicate their DNA. Generally, PCR begins with the denaturation or separation of the DNA double helix by heating the sample to a temperature between 94 and 96 ° C to break the hydrogen bonds that joined them, in this way each chain remains as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand of DNA.

The first stage of the cell cycle during which the cell matures and prepares to divide and copies
its DNA; The stage the cell stays in the most?

Answers

The first stage and the stage the cell stays in most is Interphase

The cell multiplies and creates a copy of its DNA during interphase. In the mitotic (M) phase, the cell divides into two new cells by dividing its cytoplasm and DNA into two sets.

What is the main role of interphase stage of cell cycle?

A cell consumes the bulk of its time in what is known as interphase, where it creates, duplicates its chromosomes, and acquires available to split. The cell then moves interphase, goes direct mitosis, and completes dividing.

The cell multiplies and the nuclear DNA is duplicated during interphase. The mitotic phase immediately follows interphase.

Chromosomes that have been duplicated are separated and distributed across daughter nuclei during the mitotic phase. Usually, the cytoplasm is divided as well, producing two daughter cells.

Therefore, The first stage and the stage the cell stays in most is Interphase.

Learn more about interphase stage here:

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What is exine is made up of????


what's wrong in asking these types to Question.. it's based on studies​

Answers

Answer:

sporopollenin

While the exine is composed of sporopollenin, a complex and highly resistant biopolymer containing fatty acids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics and carotenoids, the intine is largely composed of pectin and cellulose.

Explanation:

The climate changes on Earth tend to be self-amplified. For example, the Earth is
currently going through a warming trend. As the Earth's temperature rises, the ice caps
and sea ice melt, reflecting less solar radiation. This results in more absorption of the
Sun's heat, causing the Earth's temperature to rise more, and the ice to melt more. This is
an example of what type of system?

Answers

Answer:

negative feedback

Explanation:

This is an example of negative feedback system.

What do you mean by negative feeback?

Negative feedback occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.

Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.

A negative feedback is a self-regulatory system in which it feeds back to the input a part of a system's output so as to reverse the direction of change of the output.

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The ADG1(ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase 1) is involved in flowering timing in plants. You are interested in developing a DNA probe using partial protein sequence information. Part of the amino acid sequence is Glu-Glu-His-Asp-Val-Leu 1. determine the possible antisense oligo nucleotides possible from this amino acid sequence 2. How many total unique different oligonucleotide would need to be produced to cover all possibilities

Answers

Answer:

1)  UUC-AUG-AUC-AAG-UAA.

2) 48

Explanation:

1) Determine the possible antisense oligo nucleotides possible from this amino acid sequence

Given that the peptide sequence is = Glu-Glu-His-Asp-Val-Leu 1.

we will use a codon table to show the codons and Anticodons for each of the Amino acids  

Amino Acid   Codons                                                         Anticodons

 Glu                GAA, GAG                                                    UUC, CUC

 His                 CAU, CAC                                                    AUG, GUG

 Asp         GAU, GAC                                                    AUC, GUC

 Val                 GUU, GUC, GUA, GUG                             AAG, GAC, UAC,CAC

 Leu   UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUG  | UAA, CAA, AAG, GAG,UAG,CAG

From the table above

The possible antisense oligo nucleotide sequence is : UUC-AUG-AUC-AAG-UAA.

2)  How many total unique different oligonucleotide would need to be produced to cover all possibilities

A desired peptide sequence requires 16 anticodons

Hence the total unique different oligonucleotide needed to be produced to cover all possibilities = 16 *3 = 48

The ADG1(ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase is involved in flowering timing in plants and a DNA probe is made by using partial protein sequence information. Part of the amino acid sequence is Glu-Glu-His-Asp-Val-Leu.

1. To determine the possible antisense oligonucleotides possible from this amino acid sequence:

Since, for every amino acid, there is a specific codon and anticodons are present so according to the given information, the possible antisense oligonucleotides for Glu-Glu-His-Asp-Val-Leu is UUC-AUG-AUC-AAG-UAA.

2) The total number of unique different oligonucleotides that would need to be produced to cover all possibilities is 48

since the amino acid sequence is Glu-Glu-His-Asp-Val-Leu has 16 anticodons and each anticodon have 3 nucleotides so the possible number of oligonucleotides are  :

16×3 = 48.

What are codon and anticodon?

A codon is a trinucleotide sequence of RNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

An anticodon is a trinucleotide sequence complementary to that of a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA sequence.

Thus, according to codon and anticodon, the possible antisense oligonucleotides for Glu-Glu-His-Asp-Val-Leu is UUC-AUG-AUC-AAG-UAA and a number of unique different oligonucleotides that would need to be produced to cover all possibilities is 48.

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______refers to the ability to cause change or do work.
A.friction
B.energy
C.gravity
D.distance

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Ive studied rhis before

A new trait that was never in the gene-pool before is called a

A) Adaptation

B) Mutation

C) Genetic Variation

D) normal

Answers

Answer:

B) Mutation

Explanation:

Mutation is a mistake in the Gene's I doesnt mean it's a bad thing or a good thing. It could be both

Name the enzyme diagrammed below.

Answers

this is a aminoacyl- TRNA synthetase

What percent of energy is transferred from the sun to the level indicated? (3 points)
50 percent
100 percent
90 percent
10 percent

Answers

Answer:

It can

be explained with the help of ten percent law which

states that only 10 percent of the total energy available

at any trophic level is passed on the higher trophic level .

Most of the energy is lost as heat or is used in the

process of cellular respiration.

Explanation:

What is the transfer of
heat from one object to
another through direct
contact?

Answers

Answer:

condiction

Explanation:

conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact with each other.

the green colour pigment present in leaves chlorophyll true or false​

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Chlorophyll produces a green pigment, which is why leaves look green

Answer:

true the green stuff is chlorophyll

Explanation:

help me plzzzzzzzzzzz ​

Answers

Answer:

box 4, because it has more atoms in the same amount of space

Please help me.!!!
Lol you’ll get 100 points

Answers

Answer:

Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood back to the heart. The circulatory system carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, and removes waste products, like carbon dioxide. These roadways travel in one direction only, to keep things going where they should.

Explanation: dont be men to me i have autism and savant syndrom

a = lil b = p c = a  d = pi add it up lil papi

Explanation:

Explain how and why different parts of a plant are sinks for the translocation of sucrose at different times of the year in a country where there are season, such as Russia ​

Answers

Answer:

The sucrose is transported around the plant in phloem vessels. It needs to be able to reach all cells in the plant so that the sucrose can be converted back into glucose for respiration. The movement of sucrose and other substances like amino acids around a plant is called translocation .

Belowground organs of plants (e.g. roots and rhizomes) are sinks during plant growth since they cannot perform photosynthesis. Some organs are both a source and sink. Leaves are sinks when growing and sources when photosynthesizing

fertilization of an egg to form a zygote takes place in?

A.urethra
B.uterus
C.cervix
D.fallopain tube​

Answers

Answer is: D (fallopian tube)

What is homeostasis?

Answers

[tex]\huge\text{Hey there!}[/tex]

[tex]\large\text{What is \underline{Homeostasis}?}[/tex]

[tex]\large\text{Homeostasis is the self-processing in the biotic structured which}\\\large\text{tended to perpetuate (maintain) rationally while it is modified}\\\large\text{its conditions that can be prototypical for surviving}[/tex]

[tex]\large\text{Homeostasis has.... }\\\bullet\large\text{ Controllable center(s)}\\\bullet\large\text{ Effectors}\\\bullet\large\text{Variables (aka Homeostasis)}\\\bullet\large\text{ Receptors}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Good luck on your assignment and enjoy your day!}[/tex]

~[tex]\frak{Amphitrite1040:)}[/tex]

[tex]\large\text{Here is what each of your features of homeostasis means}\downarrow[/tex]

Explain what would happen if the leaf tissue is kept at high temperature during the process of cell isolation

Answers

Answer:

Wilting of leaves occur.

Explanation:

if the leaf tissue is kept at high temperature during the process of cell isolation the leaf will shrink because of loss of all water. Due to high, temperature the stomata will be open and water is removed in order to remove heat from the body. A time comes that all water that is present in the cell will be removed and as a result wilting of leaves occur.

A student had medical testing and discovered that her white blood cell count is lower
than normal. Which of her systems are most likely functioning improperly?
A. nervous and immune
O B. circulatory and urinary
O C. circulatory and immune
O D. nervous and respiratory

Answers

Answer: b

Explanation: Viral infections that momentarily impair the function of bone marrow are the most common cause of a reduced white blood cell count. Certain defects with impaired bone marrow activity that are present at birth (congenital). Diseases of the bone marrow, such as cancer.

The stems of bamboo, a tropical grass, can grow at the phenomenal rate of 0.3 m/day under optimal conditions. Given that the stems are composed almost entirely of cellulose fibers oriented in the direction of growth, calculate the number of sugar residues per second that must be added enzymatically to growing cellulose chains to account for the growth rate. Each D-glucose unit contributes ~0.5 nm to the length of a cellulose molecule.

Answers

Answer:

Approximately 6944 glucose residues are added enzymatically per second

Explanation:

Cellulose is the main structural polysaccharides in plants. It is composed of unbranched glucose monomer units linked to each other by beta 1-4 glycosidic bonds.

The cell wall and stem of plants cells are composed of cellulose fibers. They provide rigidity and support to the plant.

In the given bamboo plant, the enzymatic addition of glucose units to the growing cellulose fiber chains results in the phenomenal growth rate of the bamboo stem.

Since each glucose unit contributes ~0.5 nm to the length of a cellulose molecule, number of glucose units required for daily growth is calculated as follows:

0.5 nm = 10⁻⁹

0.3 m/0.5 x 10⁻⁹ m = 600000000 units of glucose per day

Number of seconds in a day = 24 * 60 * 60 = 86400 seconds

Number of glucose residues added per second = 600000000/86400

Number of glucose residues added per second = 6944.4 glucose molecules per second

Therefore, approximately 6944 glucose residues are added per second

If you wanted to look at a cell wall.Which type of cell would you observe?

Answers

Answer:

Plant cell

Explanation:

If you are trying to observe a cell wall, you should look at a plant cell. There are only two different types of cells, which are plant and animal cells. The plant cell is the only one which contains a cell wall. Animal cells actually only have a cell membrane.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disease caused by the inability to break down the amino acid phenylalanine. If untreated it leads to severe mental disabilities. PKU is due to a recessive allele. Assume that the US population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to this gene. In the US the PKU rate is 1 out of every 10,000 babies born. What percent of the US population have no alleles for PKU

Answers

Answer:

Therefore, 98% of the US population have no alleles for PKU

Explanation:

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium states that the amount of genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is expressed quantitatively using a mathematical equation known as the Hardy-Weinberg equation. the equation is given below:

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

also, p + q = 1

Given a pair of alleles, S and s with A dominant and a recessive

where p is the frequency of the dominant allele in the population,

q is the frequency of the recessive allele in the population,

p² represents the frequency of the (SS)  dominant genotype,

q² represents the frequency of the (ss) recessive genotype,

2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype

From the given question,

q² = 1/10000 = 0.0001

q = 0.01

from p + q = 1

p = 1 - 0.01 = 0.99

p² = 0.98

Therefore, 98% of the US population have no alleles for PKU

During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed
a. that is complementary to both strands of DNA.
b. that is complementary to neither strand of DNA.
c. that is double-stranded.
d. inside the nucleus.

Answers

Answer:

c. that is double stranded

Pls someone help its a very easy question

Answers

Answer:

you got it right

Explanation:

WRONG ANSWERS ONLY!!! What is coastal runoff and what does it affect

Answers

Answer:

The sky.

(Purposely wrong.)

The primary colors of visible light are:
Answer: red, green and blue

Answers

Answer:

Correct / true

Explanation:

true or false the fertilized ovary develops into a seed​

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

I've done this it's TRUE

Which is required for a bacterial cell to replicate its DNA?
a. tRNA
b. DNA polymerase
c. Rna stand with an origin of replication

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

90% of people marry there 7th grade love. since u have read this, u will be told good news tonight. if u don't pass this on nine comments your worst week starts now this isn't fake. apparently if u copy and paste this on ten comments in the next ten minutes you will have the best day of your life tomorrow. you will either get kissed or asked out in the next 53 minutes someone will say i love u

U from mr Joseph kanach class

4. PLEASE HELP!! 25 points!!! (((Timed!!)))

Answers

Your correct answer is c
I think the answer would be option C.

Describe the ecosystem that you live in. What other living creatures do you share it with? 5-8 sentences.

Answers

Answer:

i live in Terrestrial ecosystems ( land-based) &,  i shared it with frogs,fishes,birds,snakes,insects,turtles....

Explanation:

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